Regenerative Quantum Error Correction with Individual Spin Qubits

实现量子信息处理的巨大潜力取决于量子纠错（QEC）的成功实现。已经提出了各种纠错方案，并且已经在不同的系统中通过实验证明了一些方案。然而，到目前为止，仍然缺少一个基本要素：对于可靠的、可扩展的量子计算，纠错必须以循环的方式应用，在每一步都重置辅助量子位，以消除系统中的熵。这是我们在此提出的项目的中心目标。为了实现，我们选择了金刚石的氮空位中心，它具有许多吸引人的特性，将在这种情况下使用，特别是快速初始化电子自旋到其基态的可能性。该系统的相关部分包括电子自旋、14 N核自旋和通过超精细相互作用耦合到电子自旋的可变数目的13 C核自旋。

Realizing the huge potential of quantum information processing hinges on the successful implementation of quantum error correction (QEC). Various error correction schemes have been proposed and some have been demonstrated experimentally in different systems. However, up to now an essential element remains missing: For reliable, scalable quantum computing, error correction must be applied in a cyclic manner, resetting the ancilla qubits at every step to remove entropy from the system. This is the central goal of the project that we are proposing here. For the implementation, we have chosen the nitrogen-vacancy center of diamond, which has a number of attractive properties that will be used in this context, in particular the possibility of rapidly initializing the electron spin into its ground state. The relevant part of the system includes the electron spin, the 14N nuclear spin and a variable number of 13C nuclear spins coupled to the electron spin by hyperfine interactions.