Franz Ehrlich. Biography and Catalog of Works

弗朗茨·埃利希。

• 批准号: 281316174
• 负责人: Professor Dr.-Ing. Friedrich von Borries
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Professur für Designtheorie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/281316174?language=en
• 关键词: Franz; Ehrlich.; Biography; Catalog; Works

The life and work of the architect, designer and artist Franz Ehrlich (1907–1984) reflects the political upheavals in twentieth-century history. He studied at the Bauhaus in Dessau from 1927–30. In 1934 he was arrested for “preparations for high treason”, and was sent to Buchenwald concentration camp in 1937, where he was assigned to work in the construction office. He was released in 1939 but stayed in Buchenwald as a “civil prisoner” (as he himself described his position in the SS construction office) before being transferred to Berlin in 1941. From 1943 he was in the Wehrmacht penal division 999, and was released from captivity as a prisoner of war in 1946. Ehrlich became a member of the Socialist Party SED and commenced work in the department of reconstruction in Dresden. He began to make a name for himself in the Soviet zone of occupation and the recently founded GDR as a town planner, architect, trade fair designer, and furniture designer. As a freelance architect, he designed cities and building complexes as well as items of furniture and interior design fittings for ministries, political, scientific and cultural institutions. Despite his elevated position as an “anti-fascist resistance fighter”, he remained vulnerable to becoming the victim of Stalinist purges. In 1954, he was enlisted by the Ministry for State Security.Publically, Ehrlich repeatedy positioned himself as a Bauhaus supporter, whic movement he wanted to achieve recognition in the GDR as a progressive tradition. He was criticized for being a formalist by the Deutschen Bauakademie. From the early 1960s, Ehrlich found a new primary occupation as the interior designer of GDR trade missions abroad. In this, he worked together with the furniture manufacturer Deutsche Werkstätten Hellerau, as he had done since 1946. The firm also produced his well-known 602 furniture series. In the 1980s, Ehrlich was regarded as one of the country’s most important architects and designers. He held a critical view of research into the Bauhaus movement which had developed since the 1970s and its appropriation of history, which he argued it deliberately falsified following a preconceived idea or opinion.The project “Franz Ehrlich: Biography and Catalog of Works” seeks to systematically explore the life and work of this multifaceted designer. Accepted narratives and myths are questioned, and Ehrlich’s life is considered within its historical context. With Ehrlich as an example, the project examines the relationship between design and sociopolitical structures in the twentieth century . To realize this aim, documents in the Bauhaus Dessau foundation archives as well as numerous records on Ehrlich in various archives have been critically evaluated; monographs, newspapers, and academic journals from the time have been examined carefully, and interviews have been conducted with contemporaries and experts. The project culminates with the publication of a comprehensive monographic study on Franz Ehrlich.

建筑师、设计师和艺术家弗朗茨·埃利希（1907-1984）的生活和工作反映了20世纪历史上的政治动荡。1927年至1930年，他在德绍的包豪斯学习。1934年，他因“准备叛国罪”被捕，1937年被送往布痕瓦尔德集中营，被分配到建筑办公室工作。他于1939年获释，但在1941年被转移到柏林之前，他作为“民事囚犯”（他自己是这样描述自己在党卫军建设办公室的地位的）留在了布痕瓦尔德。从1943年起，他在德国国防军第999刑事师服役，并于1946年作为战俘获释。埃利希成为社会党SED的一员，并开始在德累斯顿重建部门工作。在苏联占领区和新近成立的民主德国，他开始以城市规划师、建筑师、交易会设计师和家具设计师的身份声名鹊起。作为一名自由建筑师，他设计了城市和建筑群，并为政府、政治、科学和文化机构设计了家具和室内设计配件。尽管他被称为“反法西斯抵抗战士”，但他仍然很容易成为斯大林主义清洗的受害者。1954年，他被国家安全部收编。在公开场合，埃利希一再将自己定位为包豪斯的支持者，他希望包豪斯运动在德意志民主共和国得到认可，成为一种进步的传统。他被德意志学院批评为形式主义者。从20世纪60年代初开始，埃利希找到了一个新的主要职业，即德意志民主共和国海外贸易代表团的室内设计师。在这方面，他与家具制造商Deutsche Werkstätten Hellerau合作，就像他自1946年以来所做的那样。该公司还生产了他著名的602系列家具。在20世纪80年代，埃利希被认为是该国最重要的建筑师和设计师之一。他对自20世纪70年代以来发展起来的包豪斯运动及其对历史的挪用研究持批评态度，他认为包豪斯运动故意歪曲了一种先入为主的想法或观点。“弗朗茨·埃利希：传记和作品目录”项目旨在系统地探索这位多才多艺的设计师的生活和工作。公认的叙事和神话受到质疑，埃利希的生活在其历史背景下被考虑。该项目以埃利希为例，探讨了20世纪设计与社会政治结构之间的关系。为了实现这一目标，包豪斯·德绍基金会档案中的文件以及各种档案中关于埃利希的大量记录都得到了批判性的评估；我们仔细研究了当时的专著、报纸和学术期刊，并对同时代的人和专家进行了采访。该项目的高潮是出版了关于弗朗茨·埃利希的全面专题研究。