The International Organization of National Energy Policy: Great Britain and Western Germany in the International Energy Agency (IEA), 1974-1993

国际国家能源政策组织：国际能源署 (IEA) 中的英国和西德，1974-1993 年

• 批准号: 290762381
• 负责人: Privatdozent Dr. Henning Türk
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: LVR-Institut für Landeskunde und Regionalgeschichte
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-31 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/290762381?language=en
• 关键词: International; Organization; National; Energy; Policy

The research project scrutinizes the relevance of international organizations for national policy making since the 1970s using the example of energy policy. The historiographical and political science literature has registered a considerable quantitative increase in international organizations for this period. The research that takes an international perspective infers from this fact a growing influence of these organizations on its member states. In contrast to this, the literature that focuses from a national perspective on certain policy fields ignored international effects. On the basis of this striking discrepancy the project asks if and how the way of governing changed since the 1970s by the increase of international organizations. Energy policy is a very significant case for analyzing the impact of international organizations because it is shaped by divergent national economic structures that are often inconsistent with international demands. In the spotlight of the project stands the International Energy Agency (IEA), which was founded in 1974 as a reaction of the Western industrialized countries to the oil crisis. The IEA was and is a body were national energy officers and members of the secretariat negotiated common energy political goals, which were intended to reduce the dependence on OPEC-oil in the long run. The project evaluates the archival material of the IEA and the papers of its first executive director Ulf Lantzke for the first time. Based on this international material and sources of national archives the project analyzes how the common work in the IEA functioned. How did the member countries and the secretariat determine common energy political goals and the means to reach them? Which general principles became accepted, why did others fall through? To what extent did the national governments try to exploit the IEA to achieve certain national objectives and what was the significance of the IEA from the national point of view? In a second step the project asks how the IEA tried to ensure the compliance of the member states with its policy guidelines. The main tool for this was the regular peer-review of its members' energy policy. With a comparison of two of its main member states, Great Britain and West Germany, the project tries to evaluate in what way the common views and transferred ideas, harmonized by discussions and procedures in the IEA, influenced a policy field dominated by national economic interests. The results of the project will be published as a monography and in articles.

该研究项目以能源政策为例，审查了1970年代以来国际组织对国家政策制定的相关性。在这一时期，有关国际组织的史学和政治学文献在数量上有了相当大的增加。从国际角度进行的研究从这一事实推断，这些组织对其成员国的影响越来越大。与此相反，从国家角度关注某些政策领域的文献忽视了国际影响。基于这一惊人的差异，该项目询问自20世纪70年代以来，国际组织的增加是否以及如何改变了治理方式。能源政策是分析国际组织影响的一个非常重要的案例，因为它是由不同的国家经济结构形成的，而这些结构往往与国际需求不一致。国际能源机构（IEA）是该项目的焦点，该机构成立于1974年，是西方工业化国家对石油危机的反应。国际能源署过去和现在都是一个机构，由各国能源官员和秘书处成员谈判共同的能源政治目标，其目的是从长远来看减少对欧佩克石油的依赖。该项目首次评估了国际能源署的档案材料及其第一任执行主任Ulf Lantzke的论文。根据这些国际材料和国家档案来源，该项目分析了国际能源机构的共同工作是如何运作的。成员国和秘书处如何确定共同的能源政治目标和实现这些目标的手段？哪些一般原则被接受了，为什么其他原则失败了？各国政府在多大程度上试图利用国际能源机构来实现某些国家目标，从国家的角度来看，国际能源机构的意义是什么？在第二步中，该项目询问国际能源署如何努力确保成员国遵守其政策指导方针。这方面的主要工具是对其成员的能源政策进行定期同行审查。通过对国际能源机构的两个主要成员国英国和西德德国的比较，该项目试图评估通过国际能源机构的讨论和程序协调的共同观点和转移的想法如何影响了由国家经济利益主导的政策领域。该项目的成果将作为专著和文章出版。

项目成果

Kooperation in der Krise? Die Ölkrise von 1973/74 und die multilaterale Zusammenarbeit der westlichen Industrieländer in der Energiepolitik

危机中的合作？

• DOI: 10.5771/0947-9511-2016-1-47
• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Henning Türk

Talking about OPEC without talking to OPEC?

只谈OPEC而不谈OPEC？

• DOI: 10.4324/9780429203190-11
• 发表时间: 2020
• 作者: Henning Türk

From oil to coal? The International Energy Agency (IEA) and international coal policy since the end of the 1970s

从石油到煤炭？

• DOI: 10.1515/9783110729948-006
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Boom – Crisis – Heritage
• 作者: Henning Türk

Reducing Dependence on OPEC Oil: The LEA’s Energy Strategy between 1976 and the Mid-1980s

减少对 OPEC 石油的依赖：LEA 1976 年至 20 世纪 80 年代中期的能源战略

• DOI: 10.5040/9781350985896.ch-012
• 发表时间: 2018
• 作者: Henning Türk

Zwischen Versorgungssicherheit und Markttransparenz: Die institutionalisierte Zusammenarbeit der westlichen Industrieländer mit den multinationalen Ölfirmen nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg

供应安全与市场透明度：二战后西方工业化国家与跨国石油公司的制度化合作

• DOI: 10.5771/9783748901501-327
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Grenzüberschreitende institutionalisierte Zusammenarbeit von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart
• 作者: Henning Türk