The Impact of Spokesperson Nationality and Gender on Corporate Crisis Communication Efforts in Japan

上一财年的重点是该研究项目的第二项重点研究（研究 2），该研究重点关注不同 CEO 国籍对日本危机沟通有效性的影响。本财年伊始，研究 2 的第二个主要部分的数据收集阶段完成，该阶段着眼于受众对五个国家的刻板印象如何影响危机应对信息在组织声誉方面的有效性。使用 2（危机应对：匹配、不匹配）x 5（CEO 国籍：日本、中国、美国、英国、菲律宾）实验研究设计，我发现 CEO 国籍确实显着影响公司声誉结果。例如，中国首席执行官的条件获得的公司声誉得分明显低于美国和英国首席执行官的条件。然而，就国籍对公司声誉的整体影响而言，没有一个国籍与日本首席执行官存在显着差异。对于某些国籍来说，较高的可信度和能力认知带来的积极的间接影响抵消了国籍的负面直接影响。这表明，外国和国内组织可能不必担心在日本企业危机期间由外国首席执行官代表其公司。 研究 2 的结果在一次会议上公布。

The past fiscal year was focused on the second key study of this research project (study 2), which focuses on the effect of different CEO nationalities on crisis communication effectiveness in Japan. The beginning of the fiscal year saw the completion of the data collection phase for the second major component of study 2, which looked at how audience stereotypes about five nationalities affected the effectiveness of crisis response messages in terms of reputational outcomes for the organization. Using a 2 (crisis response: matched, unmatched) x 5 (CEO nationality: Japan, China, USA, UK, Philippines) experimental study design, I found that CEO nationality did significantly affect company reputation outcomes. The Chinese CEO condition, for example, received significantly lower company reputation scores than both the US and UK CEO conditions. However, none of the nationalities differed significantly from the Japanese CEO in terms of the overall impact of nationality on company reputation. For some nationalities, positive indirect effects of higher perceptions of trustworthiness and competence offset negative direct effects of nationality. This suggests that both foreign and domestic organizations may not have to worry about having a foreign CEO representing their company during a corporate crisis in Japan. The results of study 2 were presented at a conference.