The Impact of Spokesperson Nationality and Gender on Corporate Crisis Communication Efforts in Japan

本研究的第二项重点研究（研究2）是在过去的一个财政年度中，重点研究了不同国籍的CEO对日本危机沟通效果的影响。本财政年度初，完成了研究2第二个主要组成部分的数据收集阶段，研究了受众对五个国籍的刻板印象如何影响危机应对信息在本组织声誉成果方面的有效性。使用2（危机应对：匹配，不匹配）× 5（CEO国籍：日本，中国，美国，英国，菲律宾）的实验研究设计，我发现CEO国籍确实显著影响公司声誉结果。例如，中国CEO条件下的公司声誉得分明显低于美国和英国CEO条件。然而，就国籍对公司声誉的整体影响而言，这些国籍的CEO与日本CEO没有显著差异。对于某些民族，积极的间接影响，更高的信誉和能力的看法抵消了负面的直接影响的国籍。这意味着，无论是外国还是国内组织，都不必担心在日本的企业危机中有外国首席执行官代表他们的公司。 研究2的结果在一次会议上发表。

The past fiscal year was focused on the second key study of this research project (study 2), which focuses on the effect of different CEO nationalities on crisis communication effectiveness in Japan. The beginning of the fiscal year saw the completion of the data collection phase for the second major component of study 2, which looked at how audience stereotypes about five nationalities affected the effectiveness of crisis response messages in terms of reputational outcomes for the organization. Using a 2 (crisis response: matched, unmatched) x 5 (CEO nationality: Japan, China, USA, UK, Philippines) experimental study design, I found that CEO nationality did significantly affect company reputation outcomes. The Chinese CEO condition, for example, received significantly lower company reputation scores than both the US and UK CEO conditions. However, none of the nationalities differed significantly from the Japanese CEO in terms of the overall impact of nationality on company reputation. For some nationalities, positive indirect effects of higher perceptions of trustworthiness and competence offset negative direct effects of nationality. This suggests that both foreign and domestic organizations may not have to worry about having a foreign CEO representing their company during a corporate crisis in Japan. The results of study 2 were presented at a conference.