The Effects of Pleistocene Climatic Cycles on African Mammal Evolution: The Case of Hippotragin Antelopes

更新世气候循环对非洲哺乳动物进化的影响:以马羚为例

基本信息

项目摘要

Pleistocene climatic cycles produced glacial-interglacial climates at high latitudes and humid-arid cycles at low latitudes. Such low-latitude cyclic shifts on the order of 100,000 years in Africa are becoming clearer through geological and palynological studies, and their effects have been indirectly inferred through phylogeographic work on African herbivore species. We here propose to use population size histories through whole genome sequencing to test the magnitude of Pleistocene humid-arid cycling on the expansion and contraction of large mammal distributions in Africa. The taxon of focus is the Hippotragini, a clade with 8 historically extant species that span desert to savannah biomes. We will test the hypothesis that the arid-adapted species (Oryx + Addax) experienced maximal population sizes during arid phases (peak glacials). The inverse prediction is made for the more water-dependent taxa (Hippotragus spp.). Additionally, we will use ancient DNA sequencing of late Pleistocene and Holocene specimens of the extinct bluebuck (H. leucophaeus) in order to test the hypothesis that this species already had a non-viable population size at the end of the 18th century, meaning hunting with firearms by European settlers was only an incidental contributor to its demise. We will also compare genetic variation among eastern and western South African sites in order to assess whether the bluebuck was an east-west migrating species and whether climatic changes at the onset of the Holocene contributed to its eventual extinction by disrupting its migration patterns.
更新世的气候旋回在高纬度地区产生了冰期-间冰期气候,在低纬度地区产生了湿-干气候。通过地质学和孢粉学研究,非洲这种低纬度的10万年周期性变化越来越清楚,其影响也通过非洲食草动物物种的地理学研究间接推断出来。在这里,我们建议使用人口规模的历史,通过全基因组测序,以测试的规模更新世潮湿-干旱循环的大型哺乳动物分布在非洲的扩张和收缩。重点的分类群是Hippotragini,一个分支,有8个历史上现存的物种,跨越沙漠到萨凡纳生物群落。我们将测试的假设,干旱适应的物种(羚羊+ Addax)经历了最大的人口规模在干旱阶段(冰川高峰期)。逆预测是由更多的水依赖类群(Hippotragus属)。此外,我们将使用古老的DNA测序晚更新世和全新世标本的灭绝蓝鹿(H。leucophaeus),以检验这一物种在18世纪末已经有一个不可生存的种群规模的假设,这意味着欧洲定居者用火器狩猎只是导致其死亡的偶然因素。我们还将比较南非东部和西部的网站之间的遗传变异,以评估是否蓝羚是一个东西迁移的物种,以及是否在全新世开始的气候变化导致其最终灭绝破坏其迁移模式。

项目成果

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Dr. Faysal Bibi, Ph.D.其他文献

Dr. Faysal Bibi, Ph.D.的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Dr. Faysal Bibi, Ph.D.', 18)}}的其他基金

Geochronological and Paleoecological Context of the late Acheulean at Mieso, Ethiopia
埃塞俄比亚米索阿舍利晚期的地质年代学和古生态学背景
  • 批准号:
    431080479
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
Exploration for Cenozoic Fossil-Bearing Deposits in the Atbara Valley, Sudan
苏丹阿特巴拉谷新生代化石矿床勘探
  • 批准号:
    387794796
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
Herbivore Niche Differentiation and the Intensification of Competition in African Savannahs
非洲大草原草食动物生态位分化和竞争加剧
  • 批准号:
    282995372
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants

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气候和水文影响下内蒙古及周边地区晚更新世和全新世植被的发育
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