Testing the geological fate of abiogenic carbonaceous matter

测试非生物碳质的地质命运

基本信息

批准号：
316939943
负责人：
Dr. Burkhard Schmidt
金额：
--
依托单位：
Abteilung Geobiologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2017-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/316939943?language=en
关键词：
Testing geological fate abiogenic carbonaceous

项目摘要

Organic matter (OM) has been in the focus of numerous investigations as a potential biosignature in Precambrian rocks. However OM can not per se been taken as evidence of life, because there existed numerous abiogenic sources, such as delivery from meteorites and abiogenic organic synthesis. The latter, possibly fueled by hydrothermal energy, impacts, lightning, or UV-radiation, may have proceeded to a much greater extent on the early Earth than today. In the proposed project, a P,T-experiment will be performed to investigate the thermal evolution of abiotic OM generated by Fischer-Tropsch type (FTT) synthesis. The goal is to provide clues to the distinction of biogenic and abiotic OM in Precambrian rocks and other geological samples. FTT synthesis will be performed under hydrothermal conditions using Morey-type reaction vessels and montmorillonite clay as a catalyst. The resulting abiotic OM are artificially maturated in cold-seal pressure vessels (CSPV, gold bags) at lithostatic pressure (1,5kbar) for 10 different time intervals (10min-1yr). Type I kerogen prepared from an immature Eocene oil shale is run in parallel as a reference. The FTT-derived OM and its maturation products (bitumen and kerogen) are analysed using GC-MS, GC-C-IRMS, catalytic hydropyrolysis (HyPy), and Raman-spectroscopy. The properties of abiotic OM maturated under different P,T-conditions will then be compared to Archaean real-world materials. We expect that the results will provide us with a robust clues to the biogenicity of individual kerogens preserved in different facies of the oldest terrestrial rocks carrying indigenous OM.

有机物（OM）是众多研究的重点，作为前寒武纪岩石中潜在的生物签名。然而，由于存在许多生物原料，例如从陨石传递和亚物质有机合成，因此不能将OM视为生命的证据。后者可能是由于水热能量的助长，闪电或紫外线辐射可能在地球早期的范围更大。在拟议的项目中，将进行P，T-实验，以研究Fischer-Tropsch型（FTT）合成产生的非生物OM的热演化。目的是为前寒武纪岩石和其他地质样本中的生物和非生物OM的区别提供线索。 FTT合成将在水热条件下使用莫里型反应容器和蒙脱石粘土作为催化剂进行。所得的非生物OM在静态压力（1,5kbar）的冷压力容器（CSPV，金袋）中人为成熟，共10个不同的时间间隔（10min-1yr）。由未成熟的始新世油页岩制备的I型动蛋白并联作为参考。使用GC-MS，GC-C-CRINMS，催化水置（Hypy）和Raman-Spentroscopicy分析了FTT衍生的OM及其成熟产物（沥青和动蛋白）。在不同的p下，非生物OM成熟的特性将与天生现实世界的材料进行比较。我们预计结果将为我们提供强大的线索，以使保存在携带土著OM的最古老的陆地岩石的不同相中。