Quantification of biological and chemical compositions of Asian dust and its impacts on atmospheric radiation transfer

亚洲沙尘生物和化学成分的量化及其对大气辐射传输的影响

• 批准号: 21H01158
• 负责人: 張 代洲
• 金额: $ 11.48万
• 依托单位: Prefectural University of Kumamoto
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2021-04-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-21H01158/
• 关键词: 黄砂; 長距離輸送; 組成変化; 光吸収散乱; 気候影響

新型コロナウイルス感染症が継続していたため，中国北西部砂漠現地と中国東部沿岸域の観測の調査活動を全て中国側の研究協力者に依頼して，連携で観測活動を実施した．常時観測の他に，令和5年3月下旬にテンゲル砂漠のTARO，中国東部沿岸域青島市BARO，天草西岸AERUの同時期観測が実現し，同一の黄砂イベントについて砂漠から九州西岸までの観測ができた．また，衛星搭載のライダーと放射計のデータを用いてダストの消散係数と過冷却水滴の光学的厚さと粒径，温度の関係の解析を進めた．その他，年度期間中に定期的にオンライン検討会議と打ち合わせを行い，国内のメンバーは研究計画の進行状況及び今後の推進方法について研究集会も開催した．これまでに取得したデータの解析とまとめで，多数の研究成果が得られ，その中から例として次の研究成果が挙げられる：①個別粒子レベルで砂漠における発生直後の黄砂粒子の形状、元素組成、鉱物構成、大きさ分布を解明した；②砂漠においてバックグラウンドの硝酸塩の日循環を発見し，それが世界中の主な砂漠に生じることを示した；③鉱物粒子の落下による積雪表面の太陽光アルベド効果が粒子の形状と大きさに依存することを初めて評価した．④黄砂粒子中に塩分の割合が砂丘表層の砂中よりはるかに富むことを解明した；⑤黄砂を含むエアロゾル粒子中の鉄成分が非水溶性から水溶性に変化する割合を左右する要因を特定し，各大洋で観測された結果をモデルで再現できた；⑥長距離輸送の黄砂気団中の浮遊微生物の減少は黄砂粒子の減少に左右されていることを発見した；⑦九州西岸において，黄砂の飛来による浮遊微生物の濃度は粗大粒子のサイズ範囲において顕著に増加した；⑧積雪表層の光吸収と光反射は，その中に含まれる黄砂やスス等の粒子に大きく左右されている．

As the new type of Uronaivistic infection has become increasingly common, research activities on the observation and measurement of sandy deserts in northern and western China and coastal areas in eastern China have been carried out by research collaborators on the China side. In the late March of the fifth year of Ling He's reign, the sand desert TARO, BARO in Qingdao City, the eastern coastal area of China, and the AERU in the west bank of Tiancao appeared at the same time. The sand desert TARO in the west bank of Jiuzhou was detected at the same time. The analysis of the relationship between the dispersion coefficient, optical thickness and particle size of supercooled water droplets and temperature of satellite borne radiometer is carried out. In addition, regular research meetings are held in the middle of the year to discuss the progress of research projects in China and how to promote them in the future. The results of most of the studies are as follows: (1) the shape, elemental composition, composition and distribution of yellow sand particles after the formation of individual particles;(2) the daily cycle of nitric acid in sand;(3) The sunlight on the snow surface of the falling particles depends on the shape and size of the particles. (4) The separation and combination of the yellow sand particles in the sand dune surface layer are rich in iron and the separation and combination of the iron components in the yellow sand particles are changed from insoluble to soluble in water. The main reasons for the separation and combination are specified, and the results of the measurement in each ocean are reproduced.(6) The reduction of plankton in the yellow sand particles transported over long distances is reduced. The concentration of plankton in the west coast of Kyushu increased with the increase of coarse particles; the light absorption and reflection in the snow layer increased with the increase of particles such as yellow sand.

项目成果

Aerosol Iron Solubility Specification in the Global Marine Atmosphere with Machine Learning

通过机器学习确定全球海洋大气中气溶胶铁溶解度规范

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c05266
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
• 影响因子: 11.4
• 作者: Jinhui Shi;Yang Guan;Huiwang Gao;Xiaohong Yao;Renzheng Wang;Daizhou Zhang
• 通讯作者: Daizhou Zhang

Some recent results about Asian dust particles and the implication for the dust roles in marine ecosystem

关于亚洲尘埃颗粒的一些最新结果及其对海洋生态系统中尘埃作用的影响

• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: 白秉安;鈴木秀彦;津田卓雄;穂積裕太;石井智士;中村優里子;倉持将也・植田宏昭;Daizhou Zhang
• 通讯作者: Daizhou Zhang

Sulfate and nitrate elevation in reverse-transport dust plumes over coastal areas of China

• DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.119518
• 发表时间: 2022-11
• 期刊: Atmospheric Environment
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Wenshuai Li;Yuxuan Qi;W. Qu;W. Qu;Jinhui Shi;Daizhou Zhang;Yingchen Liu;Feng Wu;Yuanyuan M

The concentration, size distribution and dry deposition flux of microbes in atmospheric aerosols over the marginal seas and Northwest Pacific Ocean

边缘海和西北太平洋大气气溶胶中微生物的浓度、粒径分布和干沉降通量

• DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2021.105906
• 发表时间: 2021-11
• 期刊: Atmospheric Reasearch
• 作者: Jianhua Qi;Yidan Yin;Daizhou Zhang;Hongtao Li;Lijie Dong
• 通讯作者: Lijie Dong

Compositions, Sources, and Aging Processes of Aerosol Particles during Winter Hazes in an Inland Megacity of NW China

• DOI: 10.3390/atmos13040521
• 发表时间: 2022-03
• 期刊: Atmosphere
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: P. Liu;L. Shao;Yaowei Li;Wenhua Wang;Mengyuan Zhang;Cheng‐Xue Yang;H. Niu;Xiaolei Feng