Differential effects of small size gold nanoparticles on radiation and ultrasound-induce cell death

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The main objective of this study is to identify the role of various sizes of Au-NPs with physical modalities, as Au-NPs are considered fully multifunctional, so preferred over other metal nanoparticles. In this study, only small size Au-NPs can enhance He-CAP induced apoptosis due to the decrease of intracellular GSH levels that leads to excessive generation of intracellular ROS. ROS mediated damage to intracellular components initiate the apoptotic cell death either by intrinsic or extrinsic apoptotic pathways. These findings highlight the importance of determining the Au-NPs size dependent effects with CAP on various cancer cells. The complex phenomena and contradictory reports on Au-NPs size make it essential to develop an optimized design of Au-NPs for future CAP therapy. The results have been published in a form of original article in the Journal Cell Death and Discovery.