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The Reality and Limitations of Implicit Control based on Passive Brain-Computer Interfacing

基于被动脑机接口的隐式控制的现实和局限性

基本信息

批准号：
319237192
负责人：
Professor Dr. Thorsten Zander
金额：
--
依托单位：
Fachgebiet Biopsychologie und Neuroergonomie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/319237192?language=en
关键词：
Reality Limitations Implicit Control based

项目摘要

The proposed project concerns a new form of human-computer interaction (HCI) which we call implicit control. A unification of ideas and methods from the fields of, among others, physiological computing, adaptive automation, and passive brain-computer interfacing (pBCI) allows a fundamental HCI problem to be addressed: the still very asymmetrical and restrictive form of communication between a user and a machine, where the user must translate their ideas and intentions into a specific sequence of small commands (e.g. button presses, clicks, etc.). With pBCI, task-relevant information can be gathered from a user's ongoing brain activity directly, without requiring any additional effort from them. Using this information to build and adapt a user model in real time, a system can respond appropriately to the current cognitive and affective states of its user. Effectively, it is thus possible that a user controls a system without being aware of doing so--implicitly, through their covert states. We have demonstrated this proof of concept using a form of cursor control: implicitly, participants guided a cursor towards a target. Recognising the potential of such technology--the potential of natural HCI where the machine, as it were, actually understand its user--we now propose to further investigate the concept's potential and its limitations, building up on our functional proof of concept. Four essential aspects will be investigated. 1) The productive potential of implicit cursor control. Can selection decisions be made using this technology? Participants will steer the cursor towards one self-selected target out of multiple alternatives. 2) The potential of the technology to work with different interpretations on the side of the user. Can it also be detected which of multiple alternatives is least desirable? 3) The original demonstrator is event-related, but we have strong indications that a continuous interpretation of user state, and thus faster, continuous cursor control is possible. This will be investigated. 4) Ethical considerations play an important role as users using such systems may not be aware of the exact communication taking place. These and other ethical aspects of the technology, as well as potential user acceptance, will be investigated as well. The proposed project thus covers essential topics of interest related to this emerging technology, and will result in an initial overview of its possible future uses and applications, possible issues to be dealt with, and guidelines for designers and users with respect to ethical considerations.

该项目涉及一种新形式的人机交互（HCI），我们称之为隐式控制。来自生理计算、自适应自动化和被动脑机接口（pBCI）等领域的思想和方法的统一允许解决基本的HCI问题：在用户和机器之间仍然非常不对称和限制性的通信形式，用户必须将他们的想法和意图转化为特定的小命令序列（例如，按钮按压、点击等）。使用pBCI，可以直接从用户正在进行的大脑活动中收集与任务相关的信息，而不需要他们付出任何额外的努力。使用这些信息来建立和适应用户模型在真实的时间，系统可以适当地响应其用户的当前认知和情感状态。实际上，用户可以在没有意识到的情况下控制系统--通过他们的隐蔽状态隐式地控制系统。我们已经使用光标控制的形式证明了这一概念：参与者隐式地将光标引导到目标。认识到这种技术的潜力-自然人机交互的潜力，机器，因为它是，实际上了解它的用户-我们现在建议进一步研究概念的潜力和它的局限性，建立在我们的概念的功能证明。将研究四个基本方面。1)隐式光标控制的生产潜力。是否可以使用该技术进行选择决策？参与者将从多个备选方案中将光标转向一个自选目标。2)该技术的潜力与用户方面的不同解释一起工作。是否还能检测出多个备选方案中哪一个最不可取？3)最初的演示器是与事件相关的，但我们有强烈的迹象表明，用户状态的连续解释，从而更快，连续的光标控制是可能的。这将被调查。4)道德考虑发挥着重要作用，因为使用这种系统的用户可能不知道确切的通信发生。这项技术的这些和其他道德方面，以及潜在的用户接受程度，也将受到调查。因此，拟议的项目涵盖了与这一新兴技术有关的重要感兴趣的专题，并将初步概述其未来可能的用途和应用、可能需要处理的问题以及设计者和用户在道德考虑方面的准则。