Non-thermal Emission from Binary Neutron Star Mergers

双星中子星星合并一直被认为是宇宙中最典型的多信使事件，最近对引力波GW 170817和短伽玛暴的联合探测证实了这一点。它们也是中微子、宇宙射线以及一种新的但神秘的瞬变-快速射电暴（FRB）的潜在祖先。这些发现开启了多信使天文学的时代，因此，未来的观测需要一个正式的公式来估计不同信使对探测率、约束和Malmquist偏差的联合影响。本研究模拟了BNS合并的非热信使的辐射过程，系统地发展了一个通用框架来评估它们的联合探测率，人口分布和Malmquist偏差与引力波的统计公式的基础上。利用所发展的方法，通过统计模拟研究了以下问题：（1）BNS并合射电余辉的可探测性及其对FRB起源的意义：（2）利用加拿大氢强度测绘实验（CHIME）探测BNS并合和短GRB的射电余辉;（3）利用切伦科夫望远镜阵（CTA）观测BNS合并产生的甚高能γ射线的前景。信使探测BNS合并，并预计将作为未来的观测参考。

Binary neutron star (BNS) mergers were long predicted to be the most canonical multi-messenger events in the Universe, which was recently confirmed by the joint detection of gravitational waves GW170817 and a short gamma-ray burst (GRB). They are also potential progenitors of neutrinos, cosmic rays, as well as a new but mysterious transient --- fast radio burst (FRB). These discoveries open the era of multi-messenger astronomy, and hence a formal formulation to estimate the joint effects on detection rate, constraint and Malmquist bias from different messengers is high in demand for future observations.This research modeled the radiative process of non-thermal messengers from BNS mergers and systematically developed a general framework to evaluate their joint detection rates, population distributions and Malmquist biases with gravitational waves based on a statistical formulation. Using the developed methods, the following topics were studied via statistical simulation: (1) detectability of radio afterglows from BNS mergers and implications for the origin of FRBs; (2) the use of Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) to detect radio afterglows from BNS mergers and short GRBs; (3) prospects of observing very-high-energy gamma-rays from BNS mergers by the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA).These results represent some major prospects of multi-messenger detectability of BNS mergers and are expected to serve as reference for future observations.