Negative Anthropology as a common Concept of Critical Theory and Philosophical Anthropology

该项目的目的是阐明否定人类学的概念，作为赫尔穆斯·普莱斯纳和西奥多·W·阿多诺哲学的基本共同概念。否定人类学这个词可以追溯到乌尔里希·索尼曼的《否定人类学》一书中，索尼曼在书中实际上针对的是对人类学的主要否定。在这个项目中，否定人类学作为一个系统的否定概念被引入，它可以用来突出普莱斯纳和阿多诺之间的基本哲学相似性，但这不适用于普莱斯纳和盖伦之间的关系(这也将在项目中展示)。鉴于对这一推理路线的成功描绘，二十世纪的哲学史必须得到重塑，因为被广泛认为是毋庸置疑的核心反对意见消失了。普莱斯纳和阿多诺在他们对历史哲学和现代性的批判中采取了非常相似的立场，他们的批评都是以否定人类学的方式建立的，这将进一步说明这一点。这个项目的最后一步是描绘普莱斯纳和阿多诺对唯心主义的全面批判，这是在仔细考察他们对20世纪存在主义、现象学、决定论和实证主义的批判时指出的，他们是唯心主义思想的具体沉积。

The aim of the project is to explicate the concept of a negative anthropology as an underlying common concept of the philosophies of Helmuth Plessner and Theodor W. Adorno. The term negative anthropology dates back to Ulrich Sonnemanns book Negative Anthropology, in which Sonnemann was in fact aiming at a principal negation of anthropology. In this project, negative anthropology is introduced as a systematically negative concept, which can be used to highlight elementary philosophical similarities between Plessner and Adorno while this does not apply to the relationship between Plessner and Gehlen (which is also to be shown in the project). Given a successful depiction of this line of reasoning, the history of philosophy in the twentieth century has to be refigured since a central opposition widely considered to be unquestionable vanishes. This will be further illustrated by the fact that Plessner and Adorno adopt very similar positions in their critique of philosophy of history and of modernity, with both their critiques being set up in a negative-anthropological manner. In its final step this project is aiming at a depiction of Plessners and Adornos comprehensive critique of idealism which is to be pointed out in a careful examination of their critique of 20th century existentialism, phenomenology, decisionism and positivism as specific sedimentations of idealistic thinking.