Immunological rearrangement -an opportunity for unique male pregnancy evolution?

免疫重排——独特的男性妊娠进化的机会？

• 批准号: 349393951
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Olivia Roth
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Zoologisches Institut
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/349393951?language=en
• 关键词: Immunological; rearrangement; opportunity; unique; male

Pregnancy has evolved in more than 150 vertebrate lineages and represents a fascinating example of convergent evolution. Evolutionary adaptations in the immune system were required to tolerate the development of intimate feto-parental connections in the womb. In pipefishes and seahorses, we thus suggest their immunological rearrangement to be evolutionary adaptive and to be directly linked to their unique evolution of male pregnancy. To examine the evolutionary consequences of these modifications of immune system functioning, we will generate knock-out lines of the key immune genes/ exons that have been lost along the gradient of male pregnancy evolution (complement component C4, T-cell surface glycoprotein CD5 and the MHC II invariant chain CD74) in teleosts with fully functional immune systems. Subsequent infection experiments and analysis of immune cell populations will shed light on life with an immunological rearrangement and provide insights into its compensation over alternative immunological pathways. The assessment of physiological remodelling of cells and tissues in the brood pouch of pipefishes and seahorses, will pave the way to understand the coevolution of immune system modification with male pregnancy. This project will investigate how immunological rearrangement can be evolutionary adaptive, and illuminate why immunological rearrangement may even provide an opportunity for evolutionary novelties, such as the unique male pregnancy.

怀孕在150多个脊椎动物世系中进化，是融合进化的一个有趣例子。免疫系统的进化适应需要耐受子宫中亲密的胎儿-父母关系的发展。因此，我们认为，在海豚和海马中，它们的免疫重排是进化适应性的，并与它们独特的雄性怀孕进化直接相关。为了检验这些免疫系统功能改变的进化后果，我们将在具有全功能免疫系统的硬骨鱼中产生随着雄性怀孕进化的梯度而丢失的关键免疫基因/外显子的敲除线(补体成分C4、T细胞表面糖蛋白CD5和MHC II不变链CD74)。随后的感染实验和对免疫细胞群体的分析将揭示免疫重排的生命，并提供关于其对替代免疫途径的补偿的见解。对海豚和海马子代囊中细胞和组织的生理性重构的评估，将为了解免疫系统修饰与雄性妊娠的共同进化奠定基础。这个项目将研究免疫重排如何具有进化适应性，并解释为什么免疫重排甚至可能为进化新奇事物提供机会，例如独特的男性怀孕。