Intervention - (Newsroom) Reaction - Prevention? Effects of Media Guidelines for Responsible Suicide Reporting on the Media Coverage of Suicides in German Newspapers

预防自杀是全球的当务之急。由于媒体是自杀预防的关键，研究确定了媒体对自杀的报道中可能导致个人自杀倾向的几个因素，例如突出，详细，重复，耸人听闻，浪漫化或美化自杀报道，特别是对于已经脆弱的个人（维特效应）。另一方面，最新的研究结果表明，媒体对自杀的报道也可以预防自杀（Papageno效应）。这些预防自杀的文章包括对自杀原因的解释，或展示如何科普自杀危机的方法。显然，记者在预防自杀方面发挥着关键作用。关于适当的自杀报道的全球准则承认这一事实，特别是包括帮助记者避免在其自杀报道中包括有害因素的方面。因此，这个项目集中在一个重要的研究空白：令人惊讶的是，几乎没有任何研究记者如何将媒体的自杀报道准则融入他们的工作生活。然而，几乎没有关于记者如何看待这些准则或如何在日常工作中实施这些准则的实证研究。大多数现有的研究采用了区域重点的组合和/或使用不标准的代码簿，使得无法比较研究之间的结果和/或不直接询问记者专业人员自己如何看待准则（例如接受，反应）或他们如何在工作中实施这些准则。因此，本项目探讨了在不同形式的介绍适当的自杀报道的意识干预的影响：什么样的态度，记者对自杀和自杀报道？随着时间的推移，自杀报告是否发生了实际变化？哪些因素影响积极预防性变化？为此，该项目结合了对德国报纸自杀报道的标准化内容分析和对记者的调查。内容分析的重点是在18个月的过程中，自杀报告是否以及如何改善后，两个新闻编辑室的干预与6个月的时滞。由于干预是嵌入在一个基于网络的调查，我们能够绘制一个详细的图片，德国记者如何看待干预，以及干预如何影响媒体报道自杀随着时间的推移。然而，我们也将更多地了解其成功的个别新闻因素。最后，所有的新闻编辑室都将获得宣传材料，以提高德国媒体对自杀的报道。使用这种设计，该项目超越了基础科学知识的收获，并直接影响社会：负责任的自杀报道有助于拯救生命，每一天。

Suicide prevention is a global imperative. As the media are pivotal for suicide prevention, research determined several factors within media coverage on suicides that are likely to contribute to individual suicidality, such as prominent, detailed, repetitive, sensationalist, romanticizing, or glorifying suicide reports-especially for already vulnerable individuals (Werther-effect). On the other hand, latest findings suggest that media coverage on suicides can be suicide-preventive, too (Papageno-Effect). These suicide-preventive articles include explanations for the causes of suicide, or show ways how to cope with suicidal crises. Clearly, journalists play a key role for suicide prevention. Worldwide guidelines on appropriate suicide reporting acknowledge this fact especially by including aspects that help journalists to avoid including harmful elements in their suicide stories. Hence, this project focuses on an important research gap: Surprisingly, there is scarcely any research on how journalists integrate media guidelines on suicide reporting in their work life. Yet, there is almost no empirical research on how journalists perceive these guidelines, or how they are implemented in everyday working routines. Most existing studies apply combinations of a regional focus and/or use unstandardized codebooks that make it impossible to compare results between studies and/or do not ask journalists directly about how the professionals themselves perceive the guidelines (e.g. acceptance, reactance) or how they implement them in their work. Therefore, this project explores the influence of an awareness-intervention in different forms of presentation about appropriate suicide reporting: What attitudes do journalists have towards suicide and suicide reporting? Is there a de facto change in suicide reporting over time? Which factors influence positive-preventive changes? To do so, the project combines a standardized content analysis of the suicide coverage of German newspapers and a survey of journalists. The content analysis focuses over the course of 18 months, whether and how suicide reporting improves after the two newsroom interventions with a time lag of 6 months. Since the intervention is embedded within a web-based survey, we are able to draw a detailed picture of how German journalists perceive the intervention and how the intervention influences media coverage on suicides over time. However, we will also understand more about individual journalistic factors for its success. In the end, all newsrooms will obtain the awareness materials to improve suicide coverage in the German press.Using this design, the project is beyond basal scientific knowledge gains and reaches out to directly impact society: Responsible suicide reporting helps to save lives, every day.