Taxonomy and phylogeny of the genus Eosemionotus (Neopterygii, Holostei): insights into theevolutionary history of modern fishes

Eosemionotus (Neopterygii, Holostei) 属的分类学和系统发育：现代鱼类进化史的见解

• 批准号: 387766497
• 负责人: Dr. Adriana López-Arbarello
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Sektion Paläontologie und Geobiologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-31 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/387766497?language=en
• 关键词: Taxonomy; phylogeny; genus; Eosemionotus; Neopterygii

After a period of dominance of molecular phylogenetics, neglecting the role of palaeontology in systematics, and a subsequent time of discussions in the framework of the so-called molecules vs morphology controversy, evolutionary biologists now start to understand the need of integrating fossil taxa in phylogenetic analyses and macroevolutionary studies. To do so, Total Evidence analyses, including both molecular and morphological data of living and fossil taxa, are needed. However, this is a challenging and difficult task due to the lack of detailed morphological study of many important taxa. It has been demonstrated that increasing the amount of morphological data (both characters and taxa) is necessary to optimize cladistic analyses of Total Evidence data matrices. In this context, any detailed morphological study and cladistic analysis of fossil taxa, especially those representing extinct lineages within clades with an extensive fossil record and only few living representatives (e.g. Holostei), are urgently needed. Within this context, the present project is proposed to complete a detailed morphological and cladistic study of the Triassic neopterygian Eosemionotus. The study will be based on recently collected and extraordinarily well preserved specimens of Eosemionotus from the Cassina and Sceltrich beds of the Meride Limestone (Ladinian) of the Monte San Giorgio (Switzerland), as well as the type and referred material of the only two species so far named in this genus: E. vogeli from the lowermost Muschelkalk (Anisian) of Förderstedt bei Bernsburg (Germany) and E. ceresiensis from the Besano Formation (Anisian-Ladinian) of the Monte San Giorgio (Switzerland). The project is thus expected to provide new morphological and phylogenetic data to improve our understanding of the early evolution of neopterygians.

经过一段时间的分子系统发育学的主导地位，忽视古生物学在系统学中的作用，以及随后的时间在所谓的分子与形态学争论的框架内的讨论，进化生物学家现在开始理解在系统发育分析和宏观进化研究中整合化石分类群的必要性。要做到这一点，需要进行全面的证据分析，包括活的和化石分类群的分子和形态数据。然而，这是一个具有挑战性和困难的任务，由于缺乏详细的形态学研究的许多重要类群。它已被证明，增加形态数据（包括字符和类群）的数量是必要的，以优化分支分析的全证据数据矩阵。在这种情况下，任何详细的形态学研究和分支分类学分析的化石类群，特别是那些代表灭绝谱系内的分支与广泛的化石记录，只有少数生活的代表（如Holostei），迫切需要。在此背景下，本项目提出完成详细的形态学和分支系统学研究的三叠纪neopterygian Eosemionotus。这项研究将基于最近收集的保存非常完好的Eosemionotus标本，来自Monte San Giorgio（瑞士）Meride Limestone（Ladinian）的Cassina和Sceltrich床，以及迄今为止在该属中命名的唯一两个物种的模式和参考材料：E. vogeli和E. ceresiensis来自Monte San Giorgio（瑞士）的Besano组（Anisian-Ladinian）。因此，该项目有望提供新的形态学和系统发育数据，以提高我们对neoprophanans早期进化的理解。