Port City of Jeddah (Saudi Arabia):Architecture, Building Material Trade and Logistics in the Red Sea Region during the Ottoman Era from 16th-20th Century

港口城市吉达(沙特阿拉伯):16-20世纪奥斯曼帝国时期红海地区的建筑、建材贸易和物流

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    388948310
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    --
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    德国
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助国家:
    德国
  • 起止时间:
    2016-12-31 至 2021-12-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The research project in Jeddah, a historical town (al-Balad) in Saudi Arabia, aims at documenting and investigating the traditional architecture, the building materials, origin and logistic processes during the Ottoman Era from the early 16th century until the beginning of the 20th century. Al-Balad is still vibrant and densely populated today. More than 200 historical buildings exist in the Old City, which are in good condition to be studied. Some buildings lie in total ruins, while a great part of them are still inhabited. In 2014, al-Balad was listed by the UNESCO on the world heritage list. Yet, little is known about the development history of the port city during the Ottoman era and the architectural history of the buildings. Not yet analysed information on the builders and subsequent owners of the houses are available in the historical archives of Istanbul. Through archaeological dendrochronological investigations, the buildings themselves can be analysed, dated and compared with the archival information. For this purpose, a catalogue of the historical buildings of Jeddah will be created in order to understand the construction phases during different eras and to give evidence on the respective cultural orientation, social structure and building technology in Jeddah. There was a major shortage of high quality construction wood in the Red Sea region. Nevertheless, the builders seem to have had a high level of awareness regarding wood constructions, which becomes apparent through their use of different domestic and imported wood materials, tools and construction methods.Despite the enormous effort for the procurement of the construction wood and the poor quality of the stone material, they tried to implement the typical floor plan and façade solutions of the Ottoman Empire as well as highly artistic design details. The trade with building materials, partially from Northern Europe, opened up new scenarios for the trade connections in the region and allowed for cultural influences on the building industry before and after the opening of the Suez Canal in 1861. The documentation of Jeddah's buildings, with regard to the architectural history and with a particular focus on the building materials and constructive entities, will be compiled in a database. Hence, statements on the urban development and the classification of the historical architecture during the Ottoman era can be developed. The systematic and scientific database for the heritage of al-Balad may also help any future rehabilitation work in the city, ensuring the preservation of the historical substance.
该研究项目位于沙特阿拉伯的历史名城吉达(al-Balad),旨在记录和调查从16世纪初到20世纪初奥斯曼帝国时期的传统建筑、建筑材料、起源和物流过程。Al-Balad今天仍然充满活力,人口密集。老城区有200多座历史建筑,保存完好,值得研究。有些建筑已成废墟,但其中很大一部分仍有人居住。2014年,al-Balad被联合国教科文组织列入世界遗产名录。然而,人们对这个港口城市在奥斯曼帝国时期的发展历史和建筑的历史知之甚少。伊斯坦布尔的历史档案中还没有分析过这些房屋的建造者和后来的业主的信息。通过考古年代学调查,建筑本身可以被分析、确定年代,并与档案信息进行比较。为此,将创建吉达历史建筑目录,以了解不同时代的建筑阶段,并为吉达各自的文化取向、社会结构和建筑技术提供证据。红海地区严重缺乏高质量的建筑木材。尽管如此,建筑商似乎对木结构有很高的认识,这从他们使用不同的国内和进口木材材料、工具和施工方法中可以明显看出。尽管在采购建筑木材和石材质量方面付出了巨大的努力,但他们试图实施奥斯曼帝国典型的平面图和立面解决方案以及高度艺术的设计细节。部分来自北欧的建筑材料贸易为该地区的贸易联系开辟了新的场景,并在1861年苏伊士运河开通前后对建筑工业产生了文化影响。吉达建筑物的文件,关于建筑历史,特别注重建筑材料和建筑实体,将编入一个数据库。因此,可以对奥斯曼帝国时期的城市发展和历史建筑分类进行阐述。巴拉德遗产的系统和科学数据库也可以帮助城市未来的任何修复工作,确保历史物质的保存。

项目成果

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Dr.-Ing. Mohamed Elfath Ahmed其他文献

Dr.-Ing. Mohamed Elfath Ahmed的其他文献

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