Defining floodplain boundaries considering hydraulic and ecologic aspects as basis for the development of an integrated approach to quantify ecosystem services of floodplains on the landscape scale

拟议项目的目的是发展一种中尺度方法来量化洪泛区的生态系统服务。水力和生态方面被认为确定了相互作用的界限，从而确定了洪泛区的范围及其在提供对人类福祉至关重要的生态系统服务方面的功能。虽然洪泛区的生态重要性和重大危害是众所周知的，全世界都承认，但仍然采取的措施在未知的层面上恶化了洪泛区的状况和服务。其原因是对泛滥平原状况、人为措施、自然过程和生态系统服务之间相互作用的理解有限。在计算各项措施的成本时，后一种服务被忽略了，因为在有关尺度，即景观尺度上缺乏评价这些服务的综合方法。生态系统服务研究的不足之处在于用词不一，定义不一致，尺度和指标不一。现有的方法要么是基于小规模的，过于复杂，要么是基于全球规模的，过于简单，无法转移到景观规模。将洪泛区范围作为空间基础的全球方法已经失败。开发了一种可转让的方法，可以全面应用生态系统服务概念，包括九种生态系统服务：水文、水质和气候服务、生物多样性、粮食、建筑和能源材料生产、防止自然灾害和文化遗产。可公开获得的洪水灾害图提供的频繁洪水的水力衍生淹没区域作为空间基础。通过德国联邦水文研究所和杜伊斯堡-埃森大学提供的综合植被和地面甲虫数据集，首次分析了这些地图的适用性。在地理数据集和文献研究的基础上，开发了9种生态系统服务功能的新指标。通过元分析，考察了现有经济代理的可转移性。这些价值将被纳入生态系统服务的经济评估，最终得出洪泛平原在景观尺度上的经济价值。因此，洪泛平原及其养护、保护和恢复可以得到实质性的考虑。考虑到十个已经实施的洪泛平原恢复项目，这种方法通过成本效益的方法得到了验证。这种新的综合方法是跨学科的，以应对洪泛区的复杂性及其在景观规模上提供的服务所带来的挑战。通过评估生态系统服务，提供了与其他学科的各种联系。最后，除其他外，生物学家、水文学家、地球科学家和经济学家获得了统一的数据库。

The aim of the proposed project is the development of a mesoscale approach to quantify ecosystem services of floodplains. Hydraulic and ecological aspects are considered to define limits of interaction and thus floodplain extents and their functioning regarding the provision of ecosystem services which are fundamental for human well-being.Although the ecological importance and major endangerment of floodplains are known and acknowledged worldwide, measures are still taken which deteriorate the status of floodplains and services in an unknown dimension. The reason for that is the limited understanding of interactions between floodplain status, anthropogenic measures, natural processes and ecosystem services. The latter of these services is neglected when calculating costs for measures because an integrated approach to evaluate these services is missing on the relevant scale, the landscape scale.The deficits in research on ecosystem services are the use of various wordings and not consistent definitions as well as different scales and indicators. Existing approaches are based on either a small scale and are too complex or on the global scale and are too simple to transfer them to landscape scale. Global approaches already fail regarding the floodplain extent as a spatial basis. A transferable method is developed that allows a comprehensive application of the ecosystem service concept including nine ecosystem services: hydrological, water quality and climate services, biodiversity, food, construction and energetic material production, protection from natural hazards and cultural heritage. The hydraulically derived inundation areas of frequent floods provided by publicly available flood hazard maps serve as a spatial basis. For the first time, the suitability of these maps is analyzed by means of comprehensive vegetation and ground beetle data sets provided by research institutes namely the German Federal Institute of Hydrology and the University Duisburg-Essen. New indicators for each of the nine ecosystem services are developed basing on geodatasets and literature research. By Meta-Analysis, the transferability of existing economic proxies is reviewed. These values will then be included into the economic evaluation of ecosystem services which finally leads to a calculation of the economic value of floodplains on landscape scale. As a result, floodplains and their conservation, protection and restoration can be considered in a substantial way. Considering ten already carried out floodplain restoration projects this approach is validated using a cost-efficiency-approach.This new integrated approach is interdisciplinary to meet the challenges resulting from the complexity of floodplains and their provided services on the landscape scale. By valuating ecosystem services various links to other disciplines are provided. Finally, amongst others, biologists, hydrologists, geoscientists and economists receive a unified databasis.