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Endemic species and their speciations on the Tokara Islands : studies of the ancestors'invasions and geographic isolation mechanisms among the island populations.

托卡拉群岛特有物种及其物种形成：岛屿种群祖先入侵和地理隔离机制的研究。

基本信息

批准号：
05454032
负责人：
HOTTA Mitsuru
金额：
$ 3.33万
依托单位：
Kagoshima University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1) With regard to Rhododendron eriocarpum Nakai (Ericaceae) endemic to the Tokara Islands and its neighboring area, living samples (978 strains) were obtained from various areas of the Islands. The samples were cultivated at an experimental garden of Kagoshima University for the morphological analyzes. A comparison mainly in leaf morphology was made between the natural and the cultivated population samples. In the morphological analyzes, the leaf shape of each samples was transformed into computer picture data (PICT data) by an optical scan system (EPSON GT 6500). Several characters of leaf shape were measured and analyzed in the PICT data on a computer system (Macintosh Quadra 840AV). As a result, the morphological variations of R.eriocarpum were revealed, and the data obtained show the progress of the species in ecological differentiation among natural populations.2) About 200 samples of Hydrangea kawagoeana Koidz.and H.grosseserrata Engler (Saxifragaceae) were planted at the experim … More ental garden of Kagoshima University. The morphological analyzes of these species are carried out now.3) On the field works of this research, the woody plants of Peucedanum japonicum Thund. (Umbelliferae) that is generally herbaceous, and new form of Viola plants (Violaceae) showed some flowers in an inflorescence were found from the Tokara Islands. About 970 samples of P.japonicum and about 200 samples of Viola sp.were collected from the Islands, and their morphological analyzes are now in progress. It is considered that these new forms are now differentiated on the Tokara Islands.4) By the field works of this research, the living samples of Asarum tokarense Hatusima (=Heterotropa yakusimensis var. glabra ; Aristolochiaceae) endemic to the Tokara Islands, and its relatives of neighboring islands : Amami-ohshima, Tokunoshima, Kuroshima, Yakushima, were collected. These samples are now subject to the analyzes of their speciations.5) A karyotype analysis of Dendranthema ornatum Kitam. (Compositae) of the Tokara Islands was carried out by the computer image analyzer (Color-Video Macintosh System). The plants are similar to D.crassum Kitam.in hair density on abaxial surface of a leaf, but show the same chromosome number (2n=72 : octaploid) with D.ornatum of other areas. An interesting result may be revealed by this analysis in the near future. Less

1)关于杜鹃花eriocarpum Nakai（杜鹃花科）特有的托卡拉群岛及其邻近地区，生活样品（978株），从不同地区的岛屿。样品在鹿儿岛大学的实验园中进行培养，用于形态分析。主要在叶片形态上对天然种群和栽培种群进行了比较。在形态分析中，每个样品的叶片形状通过光学扫描系统（EPSON GT 6500）转换成计算机图像数据（PICT数据）。在Macintosh Quadra 840 AV计算机系统上对PICT数据中的几个叶形特征进行了测量和分析。结果表明：（1）在1980 ~ 2000年间，在不同的生境条件下，不同种源间的生态分化程度不同;（2）在1980 ~ 2000年间，种植了近200株虎耳草科植物八仙花（Hydrangea kawagoeana Koidz.）和大齿八仙花（H.grosseserrata Engler），并在1980 ~ 2000年间进行了生态分化 ...更多信息鹿儿岛大学植物园。对这些种进行了形态学分析。（伞形科），一般是草本植物，和新形式的堇菜植物（堇菜科）显示一些花在花序被发现从托卡拉群岛。从该群岛采集了约970个日本紫菜样品和约200个堇菜样品，目前正在进行形态分析。4）通过野外调查，对东北细辛（Heterotropa yakusimensis var. glabra ;马兜铃科马兜5）花菊的核型分析。（菊科植物）的形态学研究。其叶背表面的毛密度与粗叶石斛相似Kitam.in在不久的将来，这种分析可能会揭示一个有趣的结果。少