Developmental innovations of stomatal form and function in grasses

草类气孔形态和功能的发育创新

• 批准号: 394575017
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Michael Raissig
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institute of Plant Scienes
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Independent Junior Research Groups
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/394575017?language=en
• 关键词: Developmental; innovations; stomatal; form; function

How cells acquire a specific identity remains one of the most fundamental questions in modern biology. Plant stomata--small, adjustable valves on the leaf surface regulating gas exchange between plant and atmosphere--offer an outstanding developmental, evolutionary and physiological model system. Unlike most other plants, the grass family, which includes the three most important food crops rice, maize and wheat, add subsidiary cells to their stomata to help grasses "breathe" more efficiently. I will use the emerging model grass Brachypodium distachyon to understand how grasses recruit SCs, what the molecular identity of SCs is, and how SCs enhance stomatal physiology. To build a comprehensive gene regulatory network of SC formation and function, my lab will use comparative and cell-type specific transcriptomics in Brachypodium and link this to a time-lapse imaging "roadmap" of the developing grass epidermis. Finally, I will explore stomatal form and function in evolutionary distant species with distinct photosynthetic lifestyles using classical genetics and physiology approaches. My vision is to engineer SC properties in many different crops to enhance plant productivity and provide food, fiber, and fuel for future generations.

细胞如何获得特定的身份仍然是现代生物学中最基本的问题之一。植物气孔——叶子表面调节植物与大气之间气体交换的小型可调节阀门——提供了一个出色的发育、进化和生理模型系统。与大多数其他植物不同，草科植物包括三种最重要的粮食作物水稻、玉米和小麦，它们在气孔中添加辅助细胞，以帮助草类更有效地“呼吸”。我将使用新兴模型草 Brachypodium distachyon 来了解草如何招募 SC、SC 的分子身份是什么以及 SC 如何增强气孔生理学。为了建立 SC 形成和功能的全面基因调控网络，我的实验室将在短柄草中使用比较和细胞类型特异性转录组学，并将其与发育中的草表皮的延时成像“路线图”联系起来。最后，我将使用经典遗传学和生理学方法探索具有独特光合作用生活方式的进化遥远物种的气孔形式和功能。我的愿景是在许多不同的作物中设计 SC 特性，以提高植物生产力并为子孙后代提供食物、纤维和燃料。