Design of composite biofilm of denitrifying bacteria and nitrifying bacteria using colloidal technique

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From the viewpoint of colloid science and technology, we were attempted to design a composite biofilm of the denitrifying bacteria and nitrifying bacteria that imitate a biofilm in the nature. As a result, it was found that the denitrifying bacteria and nitrifying bacteria could not be co-aggregated thermodynamically. The polydopamine was effective to promote the co-aggregation of the denitrifying bacteria and nitrifying bacteria artificially. Finally, the composite biofilm of the denitrifying bacteria and nitrifying bacteria was successfully formed using polydopamine.