Development in on-site remediation of the heavy metal-contaminated soils by the metabolic activation of as-yet-unidentified microorganisms

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In this study, we investigated the microorganisms involved in the reduction of selenate and selenite in the heavy metal-contaminated soils using a combination of the biogeochemical analyses and high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. The contaminated soils were incubated anaerobically with acetate (as the electron donor) and selenate (as the electron acceptor). The concentration of selenate and selenite were determined by ICP-AES during the incubation. And the illumina deep sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene amplicons monitored the transition of the microbial community. As a result, the novel species within the genera Dechloromonas, Thauera, Hydrogenophaga, and Geothrix, were identified as selenate-reducing and/or selenite-reducing bacteria, thereby playing key roles in the bioremediation of the heavy metal-contaminated site.