The association between physiological effects and psychological impression of light

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Non-image forming effects of light are induced by blue light that are mediated by melanopsin ganglion cells. However, psychological impression of light may affect physiological responses. We investigated the association between physiological responses and psychological impression of light by using blue and red light at night. As a result physiological responses such as pupillary light reflex and melatonin concentration were strongly affected by blue light. On the other hand, heart rate was affected by red light. No significant differences were found for rectal temperature and alertness. Impression of light was significantly correlated with heart rate but not with melatonin concentration. These results suggest that some physiological responses to light can be modulated by image forming process of light.