Upgrading-process Development of Asphalt and Pitch with Use of Iron-ore

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Fundamental data on the performance and kinetics of hydrotreating were obtained for the upgrading process development of asphalt and pitch with the use of iron-ore particles in the hydrogen stream at high pressures and at moderate temperatures to reduce sulfur, nickel and vanadium contents in the solid product and to recover light and middle fractions to some extent.The maximum extent of desulfurization, more than 90% for the original pitch basis (more than 80% for the produced char basis) was achieved with autoclave tests at constant hydrogen flow rates in the ranges of pressure from 1 to 100 atm, of heating rate from 5 to 30 ゜C/min, of terminal temperature from 394 to 580 ゜C, and of treatment time from 0 to 110 min. Demetallization (change from organic to inorganic form for nickel and vanadium) as well as desulfurization was found to occur with precise inspection of experimental results at 30 atm. No appreciable change was observed for the properties of recovered oil produced with and without iron-ore additives, equivalent to light and middle fractions.To detect the details of hydrotreating process, reduction and sulfurization of iron-ore were conducted in a microflow reactor with three different kinds of vehicle oils and with mixed gases of hydrogen, nitrogen,and hydrogen sulfide. Reduction process was satisfactorily simulated with a consecutive reaction model including an autocatalytic kinetic. The sulfurization process was found to be facilitated in the further reduced region from the magnetite form. The observed results suggest the interaction between iron-ore and nickel, vanadium as well as sulfur in pitch to be important in the further reduced region from magnetite, too.