Studies on Technique for Preparation and Isolation of a Large Amount of Oligosaccharides and on Utilization of Oligosaccharides.

1.为了将转糖作用应用于低聚糖的酶促合成，从啤酒酵母Asp.中分离纯化了多种类型的α-葡萄糖苷酶。尼日尔、天冬氨酸、米蜂和荞麦。以固定化荞麦-α-葡萄糖苷酶为原料，通过葡萄糖转移反应合成了新的三糖&lt；3g&gt；-lt；α-葡萄糖-蔗糖。制备了异麦芽糖和泛糖等二糖和三糖，并用结晶天冬氨酸进行了分离。尼日尔-α-葡萄糖苷酶。荞麦-α-葡萄糖苷酶能够专一性地产生曲二糖和黑糖。但同时测定反应混合物中曲二糖、黑糖、麦芽糖和异麦芽糖的方法尚未见报道。首次采用气-液色谱与纸层析相结合的方法，对荞麦α-葡萄糖苷酶产生的双糖量进行了定量测定。利用本研究建立的工艺条件，酶促合成了大量的曲二糖或黑糖。通常很难将黑糖和麦芽糖分开。利用对黑糖没有水解性的蜜蜂α-葡萄糖苷酶，建立了一种制备纯黑糖的工艺。6.从天冬氨酸中分离纯化出一种纤维素酶。尼日尔对纤维素低聚糖的制备方法进行了考察。为制备异麦芽糖，从球形藻中分离纯化了一种异麦芽糖-葡聚糖酶。

1. For the application of the transglucosylation to enzymatic syntheses of oligosaccharides, various types of <alpha> -glucosidases were purified as crystalline or homogeneous protein from brewer's yeast, Asp. niger, Asp, oryzae honey bee and buckwheat.2. New trisaccharide, <3^G> - <alpha> -glucosyl-sucrose was synthesized by the transglucosylation of immobilized buckwheat <alpha> -glucosidase.3. Di- and trisaccharides such as isomaltose and panose were prepared and isolated by crystalline Asp. niger <alpha> -glucosidase.4. Buckwheat <alpha> -glucosidase are capable of specifically producing kojibiose and nigerose. However, there has been no report on the method for simultaneous determination of kojibiose, nigerose, maltose and isomaltose in the reaction mixture. The amounts of disaccharides produced by buckwheat <alpha> -glucosidase were quantitatively determined for the first time by combination of a gas-liquid and a paper chromatographic methods. A large amount of kojibiose or nigerose was enzymatically synthesized by the technique estabished in this reaearch.5. It is usually difficult to separate nigerose from maltose. A technique by which pure nigerose can be prepared was established by use of honeybee <alpha> -glucosidase having no hydrolytic activity to nigerose. 6. A cellulase was purified from Asp. niger for the examination of the preparation method of cello-oligosaccharides.7. An isomalto-dextranase was homogeneously purified from A. globiformis for the preparation of isomaltose.