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Alteration and deformation of fault-generated pseudotachylytes

断层产生的假速岩的蚀变和变形

基本信息

批准号：
403438118
负责人：
Dr. Marieke Rempe
金额：
--
依托单位：
Arbeitsgruppe Experimentelle Geophysik
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2017-12-31 至 2021-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/403438118?language=en
关键词：
Alteration deformation fault generated pseudotachylytes

项目摘要

We propose to explore the kinetics of processes that govern the alteration and deformation of pseudotachylyte and associated microstructural characteristics to quantify the likelihood of their preservation and recognition by combining laboratory and field investigations. We will conduct high-temperature, high-pressure alteration and deformation experiments on natural pseudotachylytes and synthetic analogue materials representing a range of generation scenarios and alteration stages. The experiments will provide diagnostic features against which we will compare microstructures of natural fault-generated pseudotachylytes collected in the field to evaluate their alteration history. As fault-generated pseudotachylyte, a type of fault rock that preserves evidence of frictional melting, appears to be relatively rare considering the frequency of earthquakes and commonly accepted source models that predict melting conditions to be coseismically reached for large crustal earthquakes, the proposed study will provide answers to the pressing question whether pseudotachylytes are in fact rarely generated or rarely preserved in a recognizable form. Answering this question is a mandatory prerequisite to fully exploit the field record for the derivation of earthquake-source parameters and the properties of fault rocks at depths. Complementary to seismological analyses of recent earthquakes, the proposed experiments and microstructural work will provide independent constraints on the energy budget of earthquakes.

我们建议探索动力学的过程中，管理的蚀变和变形的pseudotachylyte和相关的显微结构特征，以量化的可能性，他们的保护和识别相结合的实验室和现场调查。我们将对代表一系列生成情景和蚀变阶段的天然假玄武玻璃和合成模拟材料进行高温、高压蚀变和变形实验。实验将提供诊断功能，我们将比较微观结构的自然故障产生的pseudotachylytes收集在现场，以评估其蚀变历史。由于断层生成的假玄武玻璃，一种保留摩擦熔融证据的断层岩，似乎相对罕见，考虑到地震的频率和普遍接受的源模型，预测熔融条件将同震达到大的地壳地震，拟议的研究将提供答案的紧迫问题是否假玄武玻璃实际上很少产生或很少以可识别的形式保存。解决这个问题是充分利用野外记录来推导震源参数和深部断层岩性质的必要前提。作为对最近地震的地震学分析的补充，拟议的实验和微观结构工作将对地震的能量收支提供独立的约束。