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The evolutionary transition from minimal cells to organelles

从最小细胞到细胞器的进化转变

基本信息

批准号：
21K15070
负责人：
枡鏡優美子
金额：
$ 3万
依托单位：
Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2021-04-01 至 2024-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-21K15070/
关键词：
Comparative genomics Free-living bacteria Symbiotic bacteria Evolutional transition Genome reduction Multi-omics Minimal cell Free living bacteria Metabolomics Proteomics Evolution Mycoplasma Endosymbiotic bacteria

项目摘要

This research project aims to study the evolutionary transition from the simplest self-replicating bacteria to highly host-dependent symbiotic bacteria, along the path of free-living bacteria to eventually organelles. To better understand how free-living bacteria become host-dependent, the research focuses on comparative genomics on the details what kind of genes are lost or acquired. Multi-omics and microscopic approaches are combined to reveal a functional comparison of two distinct bacteria.Detailed gene comparisons are currently performed on simplest self-replicating Mycoplasma spp. and highly host-dependent insect symbiotic bacteria Tremblaya using several different bioinformatics tools.Multiple different electron microscopy methods are applied and tested to reveal ultrastructural morphological differences on these two distinct bacteria in their host cell systems. Metabolomics as functional comparisons are currently in progress as collaborative project with several different research departments at the University of Melbourne.New genomic project relates to the proposal has been started as there is new interesting Spiroplasma species, same genus as Mycoplasma spp., found in the coral host. This new project has potential to answer the evolutional transition of free-living to symbiotic bacteria.

该研究项目旨在研究从最简单的自我复制细菌到高度依赖宿主的共生细菌的进化过渡，沿着自由生活的细菌最终成为细胞器的路径。为了更好地了解自由生活的细菌如何变得依赖宿主，研究重点放在比较基因组学上，研究什么样的基因丢失或获得的细节。多组学和显微镜方法相结合，揭示了两种不同的细菌的功能比较。和高度依赖宿主的昆虫共生细菌Tremblaya的多种不同的生物信息学工具。多种不同的电子显微镜方法被应用和测试，以揭示这两种不同的细菌在其宿主细胞系统中的超微结构形态差异。作为功能比较的代谢组学目前正在与墨尔本大学的几个不同的研究部门进行合作项目。新的基因组学项目与该提案有关，因为有新的有趣的螺原体物种，与支原体属相同，在珊瑚中发现的。这个新项目有可能回答自由生活到共生细菌的进化过渡。