Translation termination in human mitochondria: Why do we need four release factors? (A14*)

在人类线粒体中，有四种预测的I类释放因子（RFs）： mtRF1a、mtRF1、ICT1和C12ORF65。然而，到目前为止，仅在mtRF1a中发现了密码子依赖的翻译终止活性。有研究表明，mtRF1a足以终止所有线粒体转录本。其他RFs在线粒体翻译终止中的作用仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们将研究mtRF1的功能，与其他RFs相比，mtRF1在解码基序方面存在显著差异。

In human mitochondria there are four predicted class I release factors (RFs): mtRF1a, mtRF1, ICT1 and C12ORF65. However, a codon-dependent translation termination activity has been only demonstrated for mtRF1a so far. It has been suggested that mtRF1a is sufficient to terminate all mitochondrial transcripts. The role of the other RFs in mitochondrial translation termination remains elusive. Here, we will investigate the function of mtRF1, which shows significant differences in the decoding motifs compared to other RFs.