Empathy and Resilience. Phenomenological Investigations into the Resilience Potentials of Interpersonal Resonance

该项目分析了移情作为人与人之间互动和相互理解的媒介，并推断了移情带来的韧性潜力。移情是哲学、心理学、生命科学和社会科学中广泛讨论的一个概念，但有不同的定义。移情在弹性的互动构成中的作用还没有得到充分的研究。同理心如何影响经历过的危机的忍耐力和形成？关爱的人的同理心和在这种关键情况下共同谈判问题因素在多大程度上有助于处理这些问题？在体现主体间性理论和对不同话语领域共情的核心含义的解释学重建的基础上，研究小组所代表的关怀领域(心理治疗、牧养关怀、精神关怀、姑息医学)的相互共鸣的方面。移情的多维模型(包括身体、情感和认知成分)以及对自我体验水平(从具体化到人际到叙事自我)的系统划分，使得对主体间星座的不同看法成为可能。在以前的研究中，共情和韧性之间的联系充其量是间接调查的，结果表明，平均而言，有弹性的人具有很高的共情能力。在此基础上，TP3追求的目标是澄清在面对生活危机时哪些医疗和牧养护理方法解决了哪些水平的自我和世界经验，以及哪些专业习惯化的移情服务可以伴随这一过程。此外，在医学和神学之间的跨学科研究背景下，移情建构的认识论意义也将被反思。然后，理论分析和概念改进可以与其他次级项目关于危机进展的具体形式和移情干预的各自可能性的经验知识联系起来。

The project analyzes empathy as a medium of interaction and mutual understanding between people and extrapolates the potential for resilience enabled by empathy. Empathy is a concept widely discussed in philosophy, psychology, life sciences and social sciences, but used in varying definitions. The function of empathy for the interactional constitution of resilience has not yet been sufficiently addressed. How does empathy affect the endurance and shaping of experienced crises? To what extent does the empathy of caring persons and the joint negotiation of problem factors in such critical situations contribute to their processing? On the basis of a theory of embodied intersubjectivity and a hermeneutic reconstruction of the core meanings of empathy in different areas of discourse, the aspect of mutual resonance in the fields of care represented in the research group (psychotherapeutic treatment, pastoral care, spiritual care, palliative medicine) will be investigated. A multidimensional model of empathy (which comprises bodily, affective, and cognitive components) as well as a systematic segmentation of levels of self-experience (from the embodied to the interpersonal to the narrative self) enables a differentiated view of the intersubjective constellation. In previous research, the connection between empathy and resilience has at best been investigated indirectly by showing that, on average, resilient personalities have a high capacity for empathy. Based on this, TP3 pursues the goal of clarifying which methods of medical and pastoral care in the face of life crises address which levels of self- and world-experience and which professionally habitualized empathy services can accompany this. In addition, the epistemological significance of the empathy construct in the interdisciplinary research context between medicine and theology will be reflected upon. The theoretical analysis and conceptual sharpening can then be linked to the empirical knowledge of the other subprojects on specific forms of crisis progression and the respective possibilities for empathic intervention.