Matter budget of microplastics in limnic ecosystems: sources, flow paths and sinks of microplastic particles in the model catchment area of Lake Tollense, Mecklenburg Western-Pomerania

湖泊生态系统中微塑料的物质收支：梅克伦堡西波美拉尼亚托伦斯湖模型集水区微塑料颗粒的来源、流动路径和汇

• 批准号: 411261467
• 负责人: Dr. Elke Fischer
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Centrum für Erdsystemforschung und Nachhaltigkeit (CEN)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/411261467?language=en
• 关键词: Matter; budget; microplastics; limnic; ecosystems

Current studies demonstrated that rivers and streams are important input pathways for plastics into the marine ecosystems. In this connection, discharging systems act as vectors for matter transport whereas limnic basins above all are storing reservoirs of varying temporal relevance. In contrast to marine systems, the investigation of lakes, being semi-enclosed systems, is favored due to smaller dimensions and structural complexity. Therefore, the budgeting of plastic material covering all ecosystem compartments and the evaluation of fundamental processes such as input, transport, storing, remobilization and export throughout the system is enabled. Within this context, the suggested project aims to provide a comprehensive matter budget, to identify and evaluate relevant influencing factors and the vector transport of microplastics along associated discharging systems.In order to assess transport fluxes and storage components in the framework of a comprehensive matter budget the concentrations of microplastics within the water body (near-surface and water column), sediments (shoreline and lake bed), lateral in- and outflows via discharges and atmospheric inputs are detected and analyzed. Following several periodic sampling periods the results are evaluated based on statistical as well as geostatistical procedures and are simulated with adequate ecosystem models spatially and temporally. The results of the project will provide an important contribution on basic knowledge about origins, in- and outputs, transport and storage of plastics in the environment. Basic conclusions about plastic inputs from freshwaters into marine ecosystems can be achieved and thus, relevant prerequisites concerning potential future monitoring programs can be identified. The research concept of MICROLIM is of high innovation potential and will be the first total microplastic budget approach of a limnic ecosystem, worldwide. The variable behavior of microplastic particles in ecosystems poses a major challenge concerning the research approach and the methodical scope. Thus, it requires a high level of multidisciplinarity, which is of distinctive competency in geographical research.

目前的研究表明，河流和溪流是塑料进入海洋生态系统的重要输入途径。在这方面，泄流系统充当物质运输的载体，而湖相盆地最重要的是储存着不同时间相关性的储集层。与海洋系统相比，湖泊是半封闭系统，由于规模较小和结构复杂，对湖泊的调查受到青睐。因此，能够对涵盖所有生态系统隔间的塑料材料进行预算编制，并对整个系统的输入、运输、储存、再动员和出口等基本过程进行评价。在这方面，建议的项目旨在提供一个全面的物质预算，以确定和评价相关的影响因素以及微塑料沿相关排放系统的载体传输。为了在综合物质预算的框架内评估传输通量和储存成分，对水体(近地表和水柱)、沉积物(海岸线和湖床)、通过排放和大气输入的横向流入和流出的微塑料的浓度进行了检测和分析。在几个定期抽样周期之后，根据统计和地统计程序对结果进行评估，并用适当的生态系统模型在空间和时间上进行模拟。该项目的成果将对关于塑料在环境中的来源、输入和输出、运输和储存的基本知识作出重要贡献。可以得出关于淡水对海洋生态系统的塑料输入的基本结论，从而可以确定有关未来潜在监测方案的相关先决条件。MICROLIM的研究理念具有很高的创新潜力，将是全球第一个针对湖泊生态系统的完全微塑性预算方法。微塑料颗粒在生态系统中的不同行为对研究方法和方法范围构成了重大挑战。因此，它需要高水平的多学科，这在地理研究中具有独特的能力。