Social interactions in the Prisoner’s Dilemma Game: Implementation of a multinomial model for the analysis of cooperation and punishment behavior

合作是人类社会的一个核心方面。人们使用惩罚来促进合作行为，建立或维持合作规范。惩罚对被惩罚的个体来说通常是昂贵的，但对惩罚者来说也要承担成本。研究合作行为的一个经典实验范例是囚徒困境博弈，它可以与惩罚选项相结合。从经济学的观点来看，代价高昂的惩罚似乎没有直接的好处。然而，即使在一次试验互动中，人们也会投资于代价高昂的惩罚他人。多项合作-惩罚模型使合作与惩罚的分析和解释成为可能。在合作参数的条件下，参数化了四种不同类型的惩罚。在囚徒困境博弈中，道德惩罚、伪善惩罚、非理性惩罚和反社会惩罚根据参与者自己的行为和合作伙伴的行为（每个人都可以合作或背叛）进行区分。本课题的目标是进一步拓展合作-惩罚-模型的实证基础和理论范围，从惩罚个体的角度探讨合作与惩罚的研究问题。

Cooperation is a central aspect of human societies. People use punishment to promote cooperative behaviour and establish or sustain a cooperative norm. Punishment is usually costly for the punished individual but also bears costs for the punisher. A classic experimental paradigm for investigating cooperative behaviour is the Prisoner’s Dilemma Game which can be combined with a punishment option. From an economic point of view costly punishment does not seem directly profitable. However, people even in one-trial interactions invest to costly punish other individuals. The multinomial Cooperation-Punishment-Model makes it possible to analyse and to interpret cooperation and punishment separately. Conditional on a parameter for cooperation four different types of punishment are parameterized. Moralistic, hypocritical, irrational and antisocial punishment are differentiated depending on the participants’ own behaviour and the partners’ behaviour (each can cooperate or defect) in the Prisoner’s Dilemma Game. The goal of the current project is to further extend the empirical basis and the theoretical range of the Cooperation-Punishment-Model and investigate research questions on cooperation and punishment from the point of view of the punishing individual.