Journalism Challenged: Understanding Performative Publics through Media Practice

新闻业面临的挑战：通过媒体实践了解表演型公众

• 批准号: 418375831
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Margreth Lünenborg
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Publizistik- und Kommunikationswissenschaft
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2018-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/418375831?language=en
• 关键词: Journalism; Challenged; Understanding; Performative; Publics

Based on a practice theoretical framework, this project develops a new understanding of how “performative publics” (Lünenborg/Raetzsch) emerge. Taking into account the conditions of quotidian practices with digital and networked media, the project asks what role journalism continues to have in relation to other forms of public articulation. The project draws on three strands of current research: Research on the transformation of journalism under digital and networked conditions, research on the gendered dimensions of publics, and theoretical developments of using practice theory to understand media change and social change. The project analyses challenges to journalistic authority arising from individual articulations of ‘personal publics’ and publics emerging through civil society actors. Empirically, the project investigates two theoretically motivated case studies. The first will reconstruct the emergence of various publics around the sexualised attacks on women on New Year’s Eve 2016 in Cologne (#KoelnHbf). As a second case, we analyse and ethnographically observe the debate about power abuse around #Metoo, focusing especially on the different temporalities of short term news cycles in journalism and the long term mobilising efforts of civil society actors. The analytic approach combines digital methods, content analysis, expert interviews and ethnography, to analyse how links between elements of practices (materiality, competences, and meanings) create gendered speaker positions.Through analysing transgressions between ‘layers of publicness’ from personal to public communication and vice versa, the diversity of discursive positions in performative publics can be analytically modelled.The project investigates the following research questions.1) How and to what degree do professional journalists, civil society actors and individuals become involved in the emergence of performative publics in both cases? What patterns are perceivable in the linking or rupturing of elements of practice among these three groups over time?2) What is/was the specific role of journalistic practice in both cases? How and to what degree do individuals and civil society actors challenge journalists or journalistic practices? 3) How are gender, class and race/ethnicity articulated in the performative publics of #KoelnHbf and #Metoo? Which speaker positions become visible in these discourses, which positions remain hidden or are marginalised? What comparative dimensions can be employed to systematise challenges to journalistic authority and patterns of networks among non-journalists?The aim of the project is to establish an innovative practice-based approach in journalism studies. By including marginalised speaker positions across media formats and platforms, the approach investigates the emergence of performative publics and outlines core challenges for journalism in an expanded public space of communication.

基于实践的理论框架，该项目开发了一个新的理解如何“表演公众”（Lünenborg/Raetzsch）出现。考虑到埃塞俄比亚在数字和网络媒体方面的做法，该项目询问新闻业相对于其他形式的公共表达继续发挥什么作用。该项目借鉴了当前研究的三个方面：数字和网络条件下新闻业转型的研究，公众性别维度的研究，以及利用实践理论理解媒体变革和社会变革的理论发展。该项目分析了对新闻权威的挑战，这些挑战来自于“个人公众”和通过民间社会行为者出现的公众的个人表达。从经验上讲，该项目调查了两个理论动机的案例研究。第一个将重建2016年新年前夜在科隆（#KoelnHbf）对女性进行性攻击的各种公众的出现。作为第二个案例，我们分析和民族志观察围绕#Metoo的权力滥用的辩论，特别关注新闻业短期新闻周期的不同时间性和民间社会行为者的长期动员努力。分析方法结合了数字方法，内容分析，专家访谈和民族志，以分析实践要素之间的联系（物质性、能力和意义）创造了性别化的演讲者位置。通过分析从个人到公共传播的“公共性层”之间的越界，反之亦然，在表演性公众中话语立场的多样性可以通过分析来建模。该项目调查了以下研究问题。 在这两种情况下，专业记者、民间社会行为者和个人是如何以及在多大程度上参与到表演性公众的出现中的？随着时间的推移，在这三个群体之间的实践要素的联系或断裂中，可以感知到什么样的模式？（二） 在这两种情况下，新闻实践的具体作用是什么？个人和民间社会行为者如何以及在何种程度上质疑记者或新闻工作者的做法？第三章 性别、阶级和种族/民族在#KoelnHbf和#Metoo的表演性公众中是如何表达的？在这些话语中，哪些发言者的立场变得可见，哪些立场仍然隐藏或被边缘化？可以采用哪些比较维度来系统化非记者对新闻权威和网络模式的挑战？该项目的目的是在新闻研究中建立一种创新的基于实践的方法。通过将边缘化的演讲者位置纳入媒体格式和平台，该方法调查了表演性公众的出现，并概述了新闻业在扩大的公共传播空间中面临的核心挑战。