Event Organization Within and Beyond Event Files

事件文件内外的事件组织

• 批准号: 419245565
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Susanne Mayr
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Psychologie I: Kognitions- und Experimentalpsychologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/419245565?language=en
• 关键词: Event; Organization; Within; Beyond; Files

The Binding-and-Retrieval-in-Action-Control framework (BRAC, Frings et al., 2020) systematizes processes that influence the integration and retrieval of transient stimulus-response (S-R) episodes (i.e., event files). In the first funding phase, we analyzed the role of external context in S-R binding and retrieval. We showed that sharing a context (i.e., a background tone) as compared with being separated by different contexts can strengthen S-R binding. This finding indicates the power of context to temporally structure event files and has a close resemblance to the event segmentation framework (Zacks et al., 2007), which assumes that humans segment their everyday experiences into events. Segmentation of events (e.g., by means of external context) is described as a side effect of an adaptive mechanism that integrates the recent past to predict the near future. It is further assumed that each event has a hierarchical structure. The second funding phase aims at deepening our understanding of how event files are organized and thereby relates our insights on event file binding and segmentation with the knowledge about factors in event cognition that have been shown to govern the hierarchical organization of events.The project pursues three objectives:(1) The role of external context in the BRAC framework will be specified by analyzing electrophysiological correlates of binding and retrieval under varying context conditions. Investigating processing differences during the prime, the prime-probe interval, and the probe will reveal the level(s) at which segmentation by context influences the core processes described in the BRAC framework.(2) We will investigate further event organization factors — that is, spatial location and time — and their segmenting role within and beyond event files. The integration of an event file might be impaired when its elements (stimulus, response) are segmented by e.g.,temporal distance, resulting in smaller after-effects of binding. Moreover, the organization of larger events (such as prime-probe sequences) might be facilitated via a common location. We also try to extend the list of possible organization factors by testing whether the boundary of an event (e.g., its beginning) can influence the organization of simultaneously occurring events.(3) Organization factors will be employed to test whether findings from the spatial negative priming (NP) task can be explained within the BRAC framework. So far, no evidence of event-file binding in auditory spatial NP has been found. We test the notion that the spatial separation of target and distractor in the prime display creates two separate events with the response being exclusively bound with the target. Therefore, the subsequent repetition of the prime distractor location does not retrieve the prime response. To test this assumption, perceptual grouping of prime target and distractor will be employed to overcome the spatial segmentation.

动作控制中的绑定和检索框架（BRAC、Frings 等人，2020）系统化了影响瞬态刺激响应 (S-R) 事件（即事件文件）集成和检索的过程。在第一个资助阶段，我们分析了外部背景在 S-R 绑定和检索中的作用。我们表明，与被不同的上下文分开相比，共享上下文（即背景音）可以加强 S-R 绑定。这一发现表明了上下文在时间上构建事件文件的力量，并且与事件分割框架（Zacks et al., 2007）非常相似，该框架假设人类将他们的日常经历分割成事件。事件的分段（例如，通过外部上下文）被描述为整合最近的过去以预测不久的将来的自适应机制的副作用。进一步假设每个事件具有分层结构。第二个资助阶段旨在加深我们对事件文件如何组织的理解，从而将我们对事件文件绑定和分段的见解与事件认知中控制事件分层组织的因素的知识联系起来。该项目追求三个目标：（1）通过分析不同上下文条件下绑定和检索的电生理相关性，将指定 BRAC 框架中外部上下文的作用。研究启动、启动-探测间隔和探测期间的处理差异将揭示上下文分段影响 BRAC 框架中描述的核心过程的水平。(2) 我们将研究进一步的事件组织因素（即空间位置和时间）及其在事件文件内外的分段作用。当事件文件的元素（刺激、响应）按时间距离等进行分段时，事件文件的集成可能会受到损害，从而导致绑定的后效应较小。此外，通过公共位置可以促进较大事件（例如主要探针序列）的组织。我们还尝试通过测试事件的边界（例如事件的开始）是否可以影响同时发生的事件的组织来扩展可能的组织因素的列表。（3）组织因素将用于测试空间负启动（NP）任务的发现是否可以在BRAC框架内解释。到目前为止，尚未发现听觉空间 NP 中事件文件绑定的证据。我们测试了这样的概念：主显示器中目标和干扰物的空间分离创建了两个单独的事件，并且响应仅与目标绑定。因此，主要干扰位置的后续重复不会检索主要响应。为了测试这一假设，将采用主要目标和干扰物的感知分组来克服空间分割。