T3: Superfluidity in Strong Dipolar Quantum Gases

T3：强偶极量子气体中的超流动性

• 批准号: 422920952
• 负责人: Privatdozent Dr. Axel Pelster
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Arbeitsgruppe Grundlagen der Festkörper und Vielteilchensysteme
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2018-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/422920952?language=en
• 关键词: T3; Superfluidity; Strong; Dipolar; Quantum

Within the second period of the Research Unit, this new theory project will analyze the emergence of superfluidity in strong dipolar quantum gases.One focus will be on studying dipolar fermions in a harmonic trap, where the Fermi sphere has already been shown to be deformed into an ellipsoid following the orientation of the dipoles. At first, we will investigate to which degree also the spatial distribution of the fermions follows the dipolar preference direction. Afterwards we will consider for such a general geometry dynamical aspects, like a non-ballistic expansion or collective excitations. Based on these results we will then come to the major question how the superfluid pairing in a single-component dipolar Fermi gas, which has been predicted some time ago, is modified by the deformation of the Fermi sphere. In addition, we will also join the quest of the Research Unit for a better understanding of the anisotropic superfluid properties of quantum droplets, which arise in a strong dipolar Bose gas. To this end we will investigate how quantum mechanical and thermal fluctuations affect the stability of dipolar quantum droplets and their anisotropic velocity of sound. Furthermore, we will be interested in the onset of quantum droplets in fast-rotating dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates and consider whether the presence of vortices enhances this process.

在研究单元的第二阶段，这个新的理论项目将分析强偶极量子气体中超流体的出现。其中一个重点将是研究谐振阱中的偶极费米子，在谐振阱中，费米球已经被证明会随着偶极子的方向而变形成椭球。首先，我们将研究费米子的空间分布在多大程度上遵循偶极子偏好方向。之后，我们将考虑这种一般几何的动力学方面，如非弹道膨胀或集体激励。基于这些结果，我们将讨论一个主要问题：单组分偶极费米气体中的超流体对是如何被费米球的变形所修正的？此外，我们还将加入研究小组，以更好地理解量子液滴的各向异性超流体特性，这些特性出现在强偶极玻色气体中。为此，我们将研究量子力学和热波动如何影响偶极量子液滴的稳定性及其各向异性声速。此外，我们将对快速旋转偶极玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚中量子液滴的发生感兴趣，并考虑涡旋的存在是否会增强这一过程。