Investigating mechanisms of transgenerational transmission of childhood adversity: Behavioral and Physiological regulation in families at risk

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A history of childhood abuse and neglect (HoAN) often results in disrupted emotional and behavioral patterns of functioning that persist into adulthood, and these deficits may increase risk to suffer maltreatment, neglect and poor emotional and behavioral functioning for the next generation. Experts have emphasized the need to move forward in identifying risk factors and mechanisms leading to adverse childhood experiences. Based on my previous work in the field, my aim is to advance research on transgenerational transmission in the following ways: First, I will target potential mechanisms based on a state-of-the art dyadic approach focusing on reciprocal influences (parent behavior and physiology impacting on child behavior and physiology, and vice versa). Second, I will continue to advance the examination of physiological variables in context of HoAN by examining cardiovascular functioning and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical functioning. In addition, I aim at implementing cutting-edge devices such as functional near-infrared spectroscopy to assess prefrontal cortex activity. Third, I will put a focus on behavioral and physiological regulatory capacities in parents and children as a mechanism of interest to break the aversive cycle. Fourth, by advancing my statistical knowledge, I will target the discrepancy between operationalization of constructs and statistical methods used to answer research questions. Lastly, my research goals are informed by clinical experience and my strong belief that science should inform practice. A broadened evidence base regarding behavior and physiology will create a more nuanced understanding of transmission processes and help to answer core questions: What are the mechanisms of transmission or non-transmission? Considering a higher risk status of parents with HoAN, which factors might support them, even on a physiological level? Research findings on risk and resilience, on pathways and outcomes should build a foundation through which families at risk can be identified and effective prevention and intervention programs can be installed.