Diversity Components in Mosquito-borne Diseases in Face of Climate Change

DIMOC是生物多样性泛欧洲倡议的一项提案，该倡议呼吁对“生物多样性状况和变化对动物、人类和植物健康的影响”进行跨国研究。DIMOC项目包括来自3个国家(De、Fr、Be)的4个机构。该项目将联系来自两性和广泛学科(如昆虫学、病毒学、生物地理学、人文地理学、生态学、人类学)的有经验的年轻科学家。在DIMOC进行的生物多样性研究将为更好地了解媒介传播疾病(VBDS)创造附加值，并为解决这一复杂的社会挑战提供基于自然的解决方案的指导。我们特别关注病原体、蚊子和宿主的多样性，解决了欧洲面临的新威胁。近年来，以前被忽视或没有记录的病原体向人类传播的情况被报道。与西尼罗河病毒(WNV)、基孔肯雅病毒(CHIKV)、Usutu(USUV)或登革热(DENV)等虫媒病毒相关的蚊媒疾病(MBDS)正在对欧洲公民构成新的威胁。疫苗接种和药物治疗要么无法获得，要么非常有限。这需要采取积极主动的监测和控制措施，以避免局部或区域暴发。需要更好地了解传播循环和生物多样性的中介作用。DiMoC的目标是详细探讨MBDS与气候条件、生态系统中的生物相互作用以及人类无意或计划干扰的各种方式之间的复杂相互作用。DIMOC的主要关注点将是欧洲大陆。此外，我们还将研究欧洲海外(马提尼克岛、留尼汪岛)的病媒-病原体系统，因为货物运输和旅行活动是病媒和病原体的重要入侵途径。生物多样性在病原体传播的不同阶段发挥着重要作用。DiMoC解决了物种和群落内和物种之间的多样性：虫媒病毒多样性、蚊子多样性和宿主多样性(WP1、WP2、WP3)。在区域尺度上，我们分析了德国、法国和墨西哥景观中的生物相互作用和多样性格局(WP3)。我们将我们的视角扩展到欧洲大陆，以确定目前传播可能性模式(WP4)的气候和社会驱动因素。在此基础上，我们预测了大陆尺度(WP4)的未来趋势。DiMoC有一个强大的沟通组件(WP5)，以促进与来自欧洲大陆和两个欧洲海外地区的利益相关者和专业团体的交流，以评估相对疾病风险。信息的相互交流提高了研究的质量，提高了翻译的实践性。政策简报将把成果浓缩成共同语言，并为生物多样性管理和减轻风险提供注重实践的结论。

DiMoC is a proposal for the BiodivERsA Pan-European call for transnational research proposals on “Effects of biodiversity status and changes on animal, human and plant health”. The DiMoC project includes 4 institutions from 3 countries (De, Fr, Be). The project will be linking experienced and young scientists from both genders and a broad spectrum of disciplines (e.g. entomology, virology, biogeography, human geography, ecology, anthropology).The biodiversity research conducted in DiMoC will create added value for a better understanding of Vector-Borne Diseases (VBDs) and to develop guidance for nature-based solutions for this complex societal challenge. With particular focus on the diversity of pathogens, mosquitos, and hosts, we address emerging threats for Europe. In recent years, previously either neglected or not recorded transmissions of pathogens to humans are reported. Mosquito-Borne Diseases (MBDs) related to arboviruses such as West-Nile (WNV), Chikungunya (CHIKV), Usutu (USUV), or Dengue (DENV) are emerging threats to European citizens. Vaccination and pharmaceutical treatment is either not available, or very limited. This requires proactive surveillance and control measures to avoid local or regional outbreaks. A better understanding of transmission cycles and the mediating role of biodiversity is needed.DiMoC aims to explore the complex interplays of MBDs with climatic conditions, biotic interactions in ecosystems, and the various ways of human unintended or planned interference in detail. The main focus of DiMoC will be on continental Europe. We will additionally study vector-pathogen systems from European overseas (Martinique, La Réunion) given the transport of goods and travelling activities are important invasion routes of vectors and pathogens. Biodiversity plays a significant role at various stages of pathogen transmission.DiMoC addresses diversity within and between species and communities: arboviral diversity, mosquito diversity, and host diversity (Wp1, WP2, WP3). At regional scale, we analyze biotic interactions and diversity patterns in landscapes of Germany, France and Mexico (WP3). We extend our perspectives to the European continent to identify the climatic and societal drivers of current patterns of likelihood of transmission (WP4). Based on this, we project future trends at the continental scale (WP4). Herein, we include quantitative measures of uncertainty illustrated by spatio-temporal patterns of SD between Global Circulation Models.DiMoC has a strong communication component (WP5) in order to facilitate the exchange with stakeholders and professional groups from European mainland and two European overseas regions to assess relative disease risks. The mutual exchange of information fosters the quality of the studies and enhances the translation into practice. Policy briefs will condense the outcomes to common language and offer practice-oriented conclusions for the management of biodiversity and risk mitigation.