Economic Analysis of Japanese Dairy Herd Improvement Work and Genetic Information of Dairy Cow

根据项目组从农场正式收集的数据和对奶农的问卷调查，我们根据每个组员的专长采取了不同的方法来实现我们的目标。各成员研究结果的实质如下：1)关于奶牛群信息的特征（以下简称DHI）及其价值，信息的价值标准取决于信息提供者和信息接受者在信息使用方面的差异。这意味着DHI信息被视为俱乐部或组织的资产。2) DHI数据的利用水平取决于从可获得的DHI数据中获得的利益与成员为获取这些数据而产生的费用之间的平衡。这一发现使我们能够构建奶牛群信息的需求和供给函数框架。在信息处理过程中，更多的不确定性可以追溯到成员农户的决策和对信息时滞的必要调整。4)信息对生产的直接经济效应倾向于基于DHI信息的奶牛替代和机会效益法的调整。这两种方法之间的巨大差异促使我们指出与DHI信息的使用有关的需要改进的方面。5)为了解释奶牛的最佳挤奶时间，我们还建立了一个以奶农的技术水平和信息利用知识为重点的计量经济模型。6)我们还明确了奶牛生产行为和奶牛改良速度在普通奶牛养殖户和专业养殖户之间的差异。会议指出了产生信息的过程和获取数据的地点的重要性。少

Using the data compiled by our project team which consisted of officially collected data from the farm and questionnaire surveys of dairy farmers, we carried out various approaches to achieve our goals according to the specialty of each team member. The following are the essence of the study results of each member :1) Concerning the characteristics of dairy herd information (hereafter referred to as DHI) and their value, the standard whereby information can be deemed valuable depends on the differences in the use of information between the information-supplier and information-taker. This means that DHI information is treated like a club or organizational asset.2) The level of utilization of DHI data depends on the balance between the benefits obtained from the available DHI data and expenses to be incurred by the members in order to procure such data. This finding enabled us to construct a framework of the demand and supply functions of dairy herd information.3) The inevitable occurren … More ce of uncertainty in the process of information treatment can be traced to the decision-making of member farmers and the necessary readjustment for time lag of information.4) The direct economic effect of information on production tends to be influenced by the replacement of dairy cows based on DHI information and adjustment by the method of opportunity benefit. The big discrepancy between these two methods prompted us to point out those aspects related to the use of DHI information that need to be improved.5) We also developed an econometric model which focuses on the technical level and knowledge of information utilization by dairy farmers in order to explain the optimal duration of milking cows.6) We also clarified the differences between the production behavior and speed of improvement of dairy cows between generalized dairy farmers and specialized breeding farmers. The importance of the process whereby information is generated and the places where data are obtained was pointed out. Less