Particulate Organic Compounds and Their Behavior in Urban and Remote Atmosphere

颗粒有机化合物及其在城市和偏远大气中的行为

• 批准号: 01470041
• 负责人: KAWAMURA Kimitaka
• 金额: $ 0.96万
• 依托单位: Tokyo Metropolitan University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1989 至 1990
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01470041/
• 关键词: Aerosol; Urban atmosphere; Diacids; Carboxylic acids; Oxoacids; Fatty acids; Hydrocarbons; Photochemical reactions; nーアルカン; PAH; 低分子ジカルボン酸; シュウ酸; マロン酸; コハク酸; 光化学的反応

Particulate matter (aerosol) has been collected in the urban atmosphere of Tokyo, and in the remote atmosphere including Mt. Haruna, Gunma Prefecture, and Titijima Island in western North Pacific. Atmospheric fallout samples were also collected in Kawasaki and Fuchu. Various organic compounds were isolated from the samples and were determined by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry. They include n-alkanes, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, polynuclear aromatic ketones, phthalates, fatty acids, dicarboxylic acids, oxoacids and aldehydes. The results showed that major species in the organic aerosols were low molecular dicarboxylic acids such as oxalic, malonic, and succinic acids. The relative abundance of these polar organic compounds in the aerosol particles increased at around noon time of the day and in the summer of the year, suggesting that they are secondarily produced in the atmosphere by photochemically induced reactions of organic molecular mainly derived from anthropogenic sources. omega-Oxocarboxylic acids (C2-C10) were identified in the samples. Some of the oxoacids (C3 and C4) have been discovered in this study. They are considered as intermediates of photooxidation reactions of hydrocarbons to dicarboxylic acids.

颗粒物（气溶胶）已收集在东京的城市大气，并在偏远的大气，包括山。北太平洋西部的鸟取、群马县和铁蹄岛。还在川崎和府中收集了大气沉降物样本。从样品中分离出各种有机化合物，并通过气相色谱（GC）和GC-质谱法测定。它们包括正烷烃、多核芳烃、多核芳族酮、邻苯二甲酸酯、脂肪酸、二羧酸、含氧酸和醛。结果表明，有机气溶胶中的主要组分是草酸、丙二酸和琥珀酸等低分子二元羧酸。这些极性有机化合物在气溶胶粒子中的相对丰度在一天的中午和一年的夏天增加，这表明它们是通过主要来自人为源的有机分子的光化学诱导反应在大气中产生的。在样品中鉴定出ω-氧代羧酸（C2-C10）。一些含氧酸（C3和C4）已在本研究中发现。它们被认为是烃类光氧化反应生成二羧酸的中间体。

项目成果

Takada H.: "Linear alkylbenzenes (LABs) in urban riverine and coastal sediments and their usefulness as a molecular indicator of domestic wastes" Wat. Sci. Technol. 23. 437-446 (1991)

Takada H.：“城市河流和沿海沉积物中的直链烷基苯（LAB）及其作为生活垃圾分子指标的有用性”Wat。

Takada H.: "Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in street dusts in Tokyo Metropolitan area" Sci. Total Environ.

Takada H.：“东京都市区街道灰尘中多环芳烃（PAH）的分布和来源”Sci。

K.Kawamura and K.Ikashima: "Seasonal variation of Low moleculor weight dicarboxylic acids in the atmosphere of Tokyo" Atmaspheric Environments.

K.Kawamura 和 K.Ikashima：“东京大气中低分子量二羧酸的季节变化”大气环境。

K.Kawamura et al.: "WーOxocarboxylic acids in sediment trap and sediment samples: Implication for the transport of organic matter from the atmosphere to deepーsea" Geochemical J.24. 217-222 (1990)

K. Kawamura 等人：“沉积物捕集器和沉积物样品中的 W-氧代羧酸：对有机物从大气到深海运输的影响”Geochemical J.24（1990）。

Kawamura k.: "Lipid class compounds in the Greenland ice core samples : a preliminary result" Bull. Glacier Res.

Kawamura k.：“格陵兰冰芯样本中的脂质类化合物：初步结果”Bull。