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Studies on Cytopathology of Viroid Infections

类病毒感染的细胞病理学研究

基本信息

批准号：
01480049
负责人：
TAKAHASHI T.
金额：
$ 4.54万
依托单位：
Iwate University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01480049/
关键词：
viroid infections cytopathic effects cytopathology

项目摘要

The present study was undertaken to describe the cytopathic processes occurring in viroid-infected cells and to demonstrate the mechanism of pathogenesis specific to viroid infection. By using citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd), hop stunt viroid (HSVD) and apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd), following results are obtained.1. Cytopathic changes in CEVd-infected tomato leaf cells.Leaflets on terminal leaves bearing severe rugosity showed the undulated cell wall, disorganization of chloroplasts, mitochondrial disintegration etc. In the leaflets on 5th leaf bearing mild curling symptom, however, no specific symptoms were observed.2. Cytopathic changes in HSVd-infected resin glands of hops.In hop plants, there have been formed two kinds of resin glands, i. e., disk-shaped gland and cup-shaped gland. Typical cell wall distortion and disorganization of subcellular organella were predominatly observed in the infected secretory cells of both the glands. Moreover, it was evident in the infected cells that resinous substance (alpha acid) could not fully liberated into subcuticular space, thus the cup could not filled with lattice-like structure, suggesting the decrease in extracellular secretion of alpha acid.3. Cytopathic changes in ASSVd-infected fruit skin of apple.The cell shapes of fruit skin (epidermis and hypodermal layers) of the infected apple fruit (cv. Indo) were severely distorted and their cell walls were undulated with irregular thickness. In the hypodermal layers, it was noticeable that pectic substances could not accumulated into the intercellular space. thus resulting in the flattened hypodermal cells.4. To be summarized.The results mentioned above indicated to suggest that cell wall distortion in the leaf cells, secretory cells and fruit skin cells consistently leads to the sequential processes of the structural deformation of cell skeltones which are disturbed as a consequence of viroid infection.

本研究旨在描述类病毒感染细胞的细胞病变过程，并阐明类病毒感染的致病机制。利用柑橘裂皮类病毒（CEVd）、啤酒花矮化类病毒（HSVD）和苹果疤皮类病毒（ASSVd）进行了研究，得到以下结果.感染CEVd的番茄叶片细胞发生了细胞病变，顶生叶片出现严重的皱曲，细胞壁起伏，叶绿体解体，线粒体解体等现象，第5片叶片出现轻度卷曲症状，但未出现特异性症状. HSV感染啤酒花树脂腺的细胞病变在啤酒花植株中，已经形成了两种树脂腺，一种是普通型树脂腺，另一种是普通型树脂腺。例如，盘状腺和杯状腺。在两个腺体受感染的分泌细胞中，主要观察到典型的细胞壁扭曲和亚细胞器解体。此外，在感染细胞中，α-酸不能完全释放到表皮下空间，因此杯状结构不能充满，表明α-酸的胞外分泌减少.苹果果实感染ASSV病毒后的细胞病理变化。Indo）细胞壁严重扭曲，细胞壁厚度不规则，呈波浪形。在下皮层，果胶物质不能聚集到细胞间隙。从而导致扁平的皮下细胞。上述结果表明，叶细胞、分泌细胞和果皮细胞的细胞壁变形，是类病毒感染后引起的细胞膜结构紊乱的连续过程。