Polymer Dynamics Studies with Flow Birefringence Method

使用流动双折射方法进行聚合物动力学研究

• 批准号: 02453101
• 负责人: OSAKI Kunihiro
• 金额: $ 4.03万
• 依托单位: Kyoto University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1990 至 1991
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02453101/
• 关键词: Flow Birefringence; Stress-Optical Rule; Glassy Polymer; Glass Transition; Stress Relaxation; Viscoelasticity; Polystyrene; Polycarbonate

(1) An optical system was equipped to a tensile tester for simultaneous measurements of stress and birefringence of a polymeric film. The range of time for relaxation measurement was 1 - 10^4s and the range of temperature was 0 - 200ﾟC. An apparatus for simultaneous measurements of viscoelasticity and dynamic birefringence was developed by adding an optical system to a dynamic rheometer. The frequency range was 1 - 20OHz and the temperature range was 0 - 250 ﾟC.(2) A modified stress-optical rule was proposed to describe the stress and birefringence of amorphous polymers. The method was applied to polystyrene, poly- alpha -methylstyrene, polyarylate, polycarbonate, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyetherimide, and polyetherether ketone. For these polymers, the viscoelastic relaxation spectrum was revealed to consist of two components. The difference in temperature dependence of these components was revealed to be the origin of the complicated temperature dependence of viscoelasticity around the glass transition point.(3) The stress and birefringence were measured after an instantaneous large deformation and during a deformation at constant speed for polystyrene and polycarbonate. The yield phenomenon of such a glassy polymer was revealed to represent the yield of the enthalpic force due to the potential energy. The entropic force did not show any sign of yield phenomenon.

(1)在拉伸试验机上安装了一套光学系统，用于同时测量聚合物薄膜的应力和双折射。松弛测量的时间范围为1~10^4s，温度范围为0~200ﾟC。在动态流变仪上增加光学系统，研制了一种同时测量粘弹性和动态双折射的装置。频率范围为1-200ﾟ，温度范围为0-250℃。(2)提出了一种修正的应力-光学规则来描述非晶态聚合物的应力和双折射。该方法适用于聚苯乙烯、聚α-甲基苯乙烯、聚芳酸酯、聚碳酸酯、聚砜、聚醚砜、聚醚酰亚胺和聚醚酮。对于这些聚合物，粘弹性弛豫谱由两个组分组成。这些组分温度依赖性的差异是玻璃化转变点附近粘弹性复杂温度依赖性的根源。(3)测量了聚苯乙烯和聚碳酸酯在瞬时大变形和恒速变形过程中的应力和双折射。这种玻璃态聚合物的屈服现象代表了势能所产生的焓力的屈服。熵力没有表现出任何屈服现象。

项目成果

K. Osaki: "Some Phenomenological Relations for Strain-Induced Birefringence of Amorphous Polymers." Nihon Reoroji Gakkaishi. 19. 130-132 (1991)

K. Osaki：“非晶聚合物应变诱导双折射的一些现象学关系。”

T. Inoue: "Birefringence of Amorphous Polymers I. Dynamic Measurement of Polystyrene." Macromolecules. 24. 5670-5675

T. Inoue：“无定形聚合物的双折射 I. 聚苯乙烯的动态测量”。

H.Okamoto: "Birefringence of Amoarphous Polymers IV.Large Deformation of Polystyrene near Glass Transition Temperature." Macromolecules.

H.Okamoto：“无定形聚合物的双折射 IV.聚苯乙烯在玻璃化转变温度附近的大变形。”

T.Inoue: "Birefringence of Amorphous Polymers II.Dynamic Measurement and Relaxation Measurement" Journal of Polymer Science,Polymer Physico Edition. 30. 409-414 (1992)

T.Inoue：“非晶聚合物的双折射 II.动态测量和松弛测量”《高分子科学杂志》，高分子物理版。

T. Inoue: "Birefringence of Amorphous Polymers II. Dynamic Measurement and Relaxation Measurement." Journal of Polymer Science, polymer Physics Edition. 30. 409-414 (1992)

T. Inoue：“非晶聚合物的双折射 II。动态测量和松弛测量。”