Soil Microbial Activity and Effect of Compost Application on Crop Production

可持续或增加土壤生产力取决于土壤和作物管理实践的一部分，如维护或增加土壤有机物质。土壤有机物质的退化是一个非常重要的因素，它是一种稳定的可合理方法和对作物场和自然环境保护的管理应用。碳动力学在土壤中的定量预测发挥了一个重要的作用，以确定这些方法;京都大学实验领域的复合应用实验被带走了。复合应用对Forage Crop、corn-barley Rotation和已被审查的影响。通过实验和定量分析获得的结果可以被归纳为最后的结果。（1）碳二氧化物演变的时间课程从湿土壤孵化实验（9， 22.5， 37.5）根据以下简单模型的描述，很好地接近。S = S0 （1 - exp （-k· t））（2） Using the above equation， Arrhenius' low k = A·exp（-Ea/ R·T）， characteristic parameters such as S0， k， Ea and soil temperature T， degradation of sil organic carbon under field condition was estimated。土壤碳含量的估计值在每个收获时间接近等于土壤分析的值。（3）碳二氧化物的演变与土壤湿度有关。碳二氧化物的演变在最佳土壤湿度条件（24 - 37%干燥土壤重量）下达到最大值，而碳二氧化物的演变在土壤湿度比最佳土壤湿度更干燥或更潮湿时被分解。（4）使用实验场土壤湿度的数据，校正因子是计算的。然后，土壤碳的年度退化率的正确值与非正确值相比，为6%。

Sustaining or increasing soil productivity depend in part on soil and crop management practice that maintain or increase soil organic matter. Degradation of soil organic matter is very important to establish reasonable methods of fertilizer and manure application to crop field and preservation of natural environment. The quantitative prediction of carbon dynamics in soil plays an important role in establishment to those methods.The compost application experiments in experimental field of Kyoto University were carried out. The effects of compost application on the yield of forage crops, corn-barley rotation, were examined. The results obtained through experiments and quantitative analysis can be summarized as follows.(1) The time course of carbon dioxide evolution obtained from wet soil incubation experiment under constant temperature (9, 22.5, 37.5 ﾟC) was well approximated by simple model as described below. S = S0 (1 - exp (-k・ t))(2) Using the above equation, Arrhenius' low k = A・exp(-Ea / R・T), characteristic parameters such as S0, k, Ea and soil temperature T, degradation of soil organic carbon under field condition was estimated. The estimated value of soil carbon content were approximately equal to the value of soil analysis at each harvest time.(3) Carbon dioxide evolution was related to soil moisture. Carbon dioxide evolution was maximum at the optimum soil moisture condition(24 to 37 % dry soil weight), and carbon dioxide evolution decreased when soil moisture was more dry or wet than optimum condition.(4) Using the data of soil moisture of experimental field, correction factor was calculated. And then, the corrected value of annual degradation rate of soil carbon decreased at 6 % compared with non-corrected value.