A New Finding of Large-Scale Ocean Eddy in the Antarctic

南极大范围海洋涡旋的新发现

• 批准号: 03452059
• 负责人: WAKATSUCHI Masaaki
• 金额: $ 2.37万
• 依托单位: Hokkaido University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1991 至 1992
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03452059/
• 关键词: Ocean Eddy; Antarctic Divergence; Atmosphere-Sea Ice-Oean Interaction; Sea Ice Cover; Upwelling; Polynya; Antarctic Bottom Water formation; Remote Sensing; 南大洋; 巨大海洋渦; 海氷域変動; 南極底層水; 海洋深層大循環; 地球気候システム; 衛星情報

An oceanic structure of the Antarctic Divergence in the Indian Ocean sector was clarifiedon the basis of analysis of hydrographic data and drifting buoy data for Japanese cruises.The Antarctic Divergence is composed of a street of several cyclonic eddies with the orders of about 500 km in zonal length and about 200 km in meridional length. Part of the eastward flowing antarctic circumpolar Current meanders in the boundary regions between the eddies. The major factor which governs the formation and maintenance of the cyclonic eddies is the advection of two different kinds of waters into shallow and deep layrs of the eddy regions. The warm, saline circumpolar Deep Water advects into the shallow layr as upwelling whereas a cold and dense, coastal water advects into the deep layr as sinking along a relatively shallow ridge slope. The eddy formation recurs year after year though their locations slightly change ; the existence of ridges extending northward from the continental shelf region approximately governs the eddy formation in the selective locations. We found from geostrophical flow patterns and salinity distributions that a water exchange between coastal and offshore regions occurs through the circulation with both the eddies and the CDW meanders ; this also causes the meridional exchanges of heat and salt.

在对日本巡航的水文资料和漂流浮标资料进行分析的基础上，阐明了印度洋段南极辐散带的海洋结构。南极辐散是由几个气旋涡旋组成的一条街道，其纬向长度约为500公里，经向长度约为200公里。部分向东流动的南极绕极流在涡旋之间的边界区域蜿蜒。控制气旋涡旋形成和维持的主要因素是两种不同类型的水对涡旋区浅层和深层的平流。温暖的、含盐的环极深水以上升流的形式进入浅层，而寒冷的、密集的沿海水则沿着相对较浅的山脊斜坡下沉进入深层。涡旋的形成年复一年，但位置略有变化；从大陆架区域向北延伸的脊的存在近似地控制了选择位置的涡的形成。从地转流模式和盐度分布中发现，沿海和近海区域之间的水交换是通过涡旋和CDW曲流环流进行的；这也导致了热量和盐的经向交换。

项目成果

Masaaki WAKATSUCHI,Kay I.OHSHIMA et al.: "Observations of large scale ocean eddies along the Antarctic Divergence" Proc.4th Int.Conf.Southern Hemisphere Meteorology and Oceanography. (1993)

Masaaki WAKATSUCHI、Kay I.OHSHIMA 等人：“南极辐散沿线大尺度海洋涡流的观测”Proc.4th Int.Conf.Southern Hemisphere Meteorology and Oceanography。

若土 正曉: "初めて見い出された南極域の巨大海洋渦" 日本海洋学会創立50周年記念大会講演要旨集. 154-155 (1991)

Masahiro Wakado：“首次在南极地区发现巨型海洋涡流”日本海洋学会 50 周年纪念会议摘要集 154-155（1991）。

岩土 正暁: "南極発散線(Antarctec Divergence)" 海洋科学(海洋出版). (1993)

岩户正明：《南极洲分歧》海洋科学（海洋出版社）（1993 年）。

若土 正曉: "南極域の巨大海洋渦と海氷分布特性" 第14回極域気水圏シンポジウム講演要旨集. 15-16 (1991)

Masahiro Wakado：“南极地区的巨大海洋涡流和海冰分布特征”第14届极地大气和水圈研讨会摘要15-16（1991）。

Seelye MARTIN: "The Effect of Severe Storms on Ice Production in the Northern Tatarskiy Strait,Japan Sea" J.Geophys.Res.(1992)

Seelye MARTIN：“强风暴对日本海北鞑靼海峡产冰的影响”J.Geophys.Res.(1992)