Preconcentration and separation of trace elements in environmental samples with various sorbents

1)综述了活性炭、多孔聚合物、化学改性吸附剂、天然高分子等吸附剂对痕量金属的富集方法。2）合成了二硫代氨基甲酸酯-甲壳素，并研究了其对金、钯、钌离子的吸附性能。在6 M HCl-pH 9的水溶液中，DTC-甲壳素可定量保留金和钯，在pH3.0 -4.53范围内，钌的保留率仅为40%。研究了噻吩甲酰三氟丙酮与12-冠-4（~（12）C_4）络合物富集测定水中痕量锂的新方法。建立了协同萃取-反萃取-火焰光度法测定痕量锂的新方法。通过萃取和反萃取结合火焰，确定了噻吩甲酰三氟丙酮与磷酸三丁酯的络合物在水中的ppm水平5）金属-8-羟基喹啉磺酸盐和-硫醇铋II在聚乙烯上的吸附行为研究了三氟氯乙烯树脂对痕量金属离子的吸附性能，并建立了8-羟基喹啉和联二硫醇Ⅱ配合物在树脂上的富集方法。6）铁（Ⅱ）和钴（Ⅱ）分别以亚铁嗪和亚硝基R配合物的形式富集的方法。与聚三氟氯乙烯树脂的交联反应。该方法适用于分析天然沃茨中的两种元素。

1) The preconcentration methods of trace metals with various sorbents, such as activated carbon, porous polymer, chemically modified sorbents and natural polymers, were reviewed.2) A ditiocarbanate-chitin was synthesized and investigated for its adsorption behavior for gold, palladium and ruthenium ions. Gold and palladium were quantitatively retained of DTC-chitin from aqueous solution of 6 M HCl-pH 9, while ruthenium was retained only 40% at pH range 3.0-4.53) A new method for the preconcentration and determination of a trace amount of lithium in ppb-ppm order in water as its thenoyltrifluoroacetone complex with 12-crown-4 (12C4) has been established by means of synergic extraction and back extraction combined with flame photometry4) A new method of preconcentration and determination of a trace amount of lithium in ppb-ppm levels in water as its thenoyltrifluoroacetone complex with tributylphosphate has been established by means of extraction and back extraction combined with flame photometry.5) Adsorption behavior of metal-8-quinolinol sulfonate and - Bismuthiol II on poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) resin was investigated and the preconcentration of trace metals as their 8-quinolinol and bimuthiol II complexes with the resin has been achieved.6) Preconcentration method of iron(II) and cobalt(II) as their ferrozine and nitroso-R complexes, respectively, with poly- (chlorotrifluoroethylene) resin has been established. The method was applied to analysis of natural waters for both elements.