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GEO-BIOSPHERICAL INTERACTIONS IN REVEGETATION PROCESSES

植被恢复过程中的地球生物圈相互作用

基本信息

批准号：
04452073
负责人：
OKUNISHI Kazuo
金额：
$ 0.83万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1993
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04452073/
关键词：
GEO-BIOSPHERIC INTEACTION VEGETATION HYROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS HYDROGEOMORPHOLOGY SOIL EROSION SOIL PHYSICS

项目摘要

Field investigations were carried out in theree experimental basins in the drainage basin of River Otani, Shiga Prefecture, Japan, which drains the castern slope of the Hira Mountains. Hydrological analysis of the two major tributaries of River Otani has revealed that the cascade tank model for the mountain basins of northern Lake Biwa area applies well for these tributaries, except for much different parameters for top tank are needed for the tributary in which the humic soil has not well developed after the revegetation works.Structure of topsoil horizons was investigated in the experimental basin above the erosion front. Throughflow draining these horizons was also observed with recording tensiometers and gauging weirs. Although the rate of chemical weathering does not seem large, slow mechanical weathering has produced a thick topsoil mantle. The flow of water through the topsoil is likely to have dislocated the fine particles to cause local subsidence and to create a particular microtopography.Badlands at and below the erosion front were investigated with ground photographs and a digital terrain model. Quick denudation and retarded revegetation were found ascribable to the frost and thaw of surface soil. Topographic analysis has revealed that such slopes are commonly found in the steep and little rugged part of the fault scarps.

在日本滋贺河流域的三个实验流域进行了实地调查，该流域是日本平岭山脉的一个斜坡。对大谷河两条主要支流的水文分析表明，除了重建工程后腐殖土发育不好的支流所需的顶部水箱参数有很大不同外，针对北方琵琶湖地区山地流域的级联水箱模型很好地适用于这些支流。在侵蚀锋上方的实验流域中调查了表土层结构。还用记录张力计和测量堰观察了这些层位的排水水流。虽然化学风化的速率似乎不大，但缓慢的机械风化作用已经产生了较厚的表土覆盖层。水流通过表层土很可能已经错位的细颗粒，造成局部沉降，并创建一个特殊的microtopography.Badlands和以下的侵蚀锋进行了调查与地面照片和数字地形模型。表土冻融作用使植被剥蚀迅速，植被恢复缓慢。地形分析表明，这种斜坡通常出现在断层陡坎的陡峭和不太崎岖的部分。