Immunohistological investigations on grade of malignancy of head and neck carcinomas.

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1. Proliferation Factors1) S-phase cell labelling index(1) S-phase cell labelling index has been proved to relate with the degree of submucosal invasion.(2) S-phase cell labelling index can be a prognostic factor.2) EGF-R and FGF(1) Expression of EGF-R and FGF was observed in more than 90% of hypopharyngeal carcinoma. The highest in all head and and neck carcinomas.3) Product protein of mutant p53 gene(1) In 42% of hypopharyngeal carcinomas, mutant p53 gene product protein was observed.2. Factors related to neck metastasis1) Type 4 collagen(1) Metastasis to neck nodes was observed in cases with negative expression of type 4 collagen in perineastal membrane.(2) Several metalloproteinases may have relationship with expression of type 4 collagen.(3) Most hypopharyngeal carcinomas did not show positive expression of type 4 collagen in perinestal membrane.