Phase Transitions in Dense Astrophysical Plasmas

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Followings are the new findings :1. Equation of State and Phase Diagrams for Dense Multi-Ionic Mixture PlasmasEquations of state for dense multi-ionic mixture plasmas were evaluated for both fluid and solid phases by the Monte Carlo simulation method. The accuracy of the results has been confirmed through a sum-rule analysis of the free energy. Phase diagrams for various BIMs appropriate to white-dwarf interiors were constructed.2.Equation of State, Metallization, and Energy Transport in Dense Stellar MatterEquations of state for partially ionized dense stellar matter were investigated by taking into account physical effects of strong coupling between atoms and plasma particles. Electric and thermal resistivities and free-free opacities were calculated in such matter.3. Thermal Enhancement of Pycnonuclear Reaction rates in Dense Coulomb SolidsThrough a numerical solution to the Schrodinger equation of scattering between nearest-neighbor nuclei in the lattice potential, the thermal enhancement factor of the pycnonuclear rates were newly evaluated for the entire density-temperature domain of Coulomb solids.4. Nuclear Fusion in Dense Ultrahigh Pressure MetalsCombining concepts of pycnonuclear reactions at low temperatures and their enhancement due to strong internuclear Coulombic correlations, we presented concrete cases of a "supernova on the earth" scheme for fusion researches.5. Equation of State and Melting Transition in Quantum Coulomb-SolidsThe free energy of a one-component plasma in a crystalline state was calculated by a quantum Monte Carlo simulation method. The free-energy formula were applied for calculation of the melting curves in dense carbon and helium materials.6. Cluster-Model Study of Many-Body Correlations in Dense Coulomb MatterEquations of state for Coulomb clusters (number of particles are 2 to 60) were evaluated by a simulation method. A novel model for the Coulomb fiuid was thereby constructed.