Separation and Characterization of Aquatic Humic Substances

腐殖酸和富里酸是天然沃茨中的主要有机成分。它们与各种有毒金属离子相互作用，形成带负电荷的腐殖酸络合物。化学形态的变化往往影响其地球化学行为和生物效应。腐殖物质也被认为是在用氯处理水的过程中形成的三卤甲烷的前体。因此，腐殖物质的表征一直是地球化学、环境科学和水处理领域越来越感兴趣的研究课题。（1）连续流共沉淀-浮选富集大水样中的腐殖物质，（2）用铟处理的XAD-2树脂和DEAE-Sephadex A-25阴离子交换剂吸附后，用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定水中的腐殖酸复合物，（3）水中溶解态和颗粒态腐殖酸和富里酸的分离与测定。此外，还发现阴离子表面活性剂对腐殖物质从XAD树脂上的解吸非常有效。铜（II）-腐殖酸配合物在盐水中的分解也进行了评价。

Humic and fulvic acids are the major organic constituents in natural waters. They interact with various toxic metal ions to form negatively charged humic complexes. The change of chemical forms often ffects on their geochemical behavior and biological effects. The humic substances are also known to be precursors of trihalomethanes formed during water treatment with chlorine. Therefore, the characterization of humic substances has been a topic of increasing research interest in geochemistry, environmental sciences and water treatment.In the present work, the following main topics were studied in detail : (1) concentration of humic substances in large aqueous samples by continuous-flow coprecipitation-flotation, (2) determination of humic complexes in water by ICP-mass spectrometry after adsorption on indium-treated XAD-2 resin and DEAE-Sephadex A-25 anion exchanger, and (3) separation and determination of dissolved and particulate humic and fulvic acids in water. Further, it was found that anionic surfactants were very effective for the desorption of humic substances from XAD resins. The decomposition of copper (II) -humic complexes in salt water was also evaluated.