Contribution of mitochondrial DNA to agronomic characters in the shiitake mushroom, Lentinula edodes

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The purpose of this study was to examine restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) variability of mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs) in natural populations of Shiitake, Lentinula edodes, the mode of mitochondrial inheritance in the sexual cross, and also the contribution of mtDNA to the agronomic characters. The results are summarized as follows. (1) By a survey of mtDNA RFLPs in 51 wild strains from different geographical populations of L.edodes, its mtDNA was found to be high polymorphic from strain to strain. MtDNAs from the 51 wild strains were assigned to 28 different mtDNA RFLP phenotypes. UPGMA analysis on a similarity matrix calculated between all pairs of mtDNA RFLP phenotypes showed that the 28 mtDNA FRLP phenotypes could be divided into five major groups, each of which accommondates a geographically distinct population. The result suggests that L.edodes includes some distinct intraspecific groups with genetic divergence. (2) The mode of mitochondrial inheritance in sexual cro … More sses of L.edodes was examined by using mtDNA RFLPs as genetic markers. All newly established dikaryons from reciprocal crosses between compatible monokaryons carrying different mtDNA RFLP phenotypes retained mtDNA genotype from one of the monokaryons, suggesting that mitochondrial inheritance is principally uniparental. (3) By using a procedure combining the methods of reciprocal crossing and protoplast regeneration for dedikaryotization, we could construct various new dikaryons which have identical nuclei but different mtDNA,namely cytoplasm-replaced dikaryons. (4) To evaluate the contribution of mtDNA to agronomic characters of L.edodes, we examined various properties such as hyphal growth, electophoretic zymograms of some isoenzymes, fruiting-time type, and fruitbody morphology and productivity of cytoplasm-replaced dikaryons derived from two reference dikaryons. No apparent difference was observed in the properties among these dikaryons. This suggests that the replacement of mtDNAs different in RFLP may not influence the agronomic characters of L.edodes. Less