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Natural abundance and background of cadmiun in river water, soil and rice grain in Japan

日本河水、土壤和稻谷中镉的自然丰度和背景

基本信息

批准号：
05660069
负责人：
MORISHITA Toyoaki
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05660069/
关键词：
Cadmium Natural abundance Background River water Soil Rice grain Japan 自然賦存濃度バックグランド濃度

项目摘要

Cadmium and mercury might be most critical elements from view point of human health and environmental pollution. Particularly for Japanese whose cadmium concentration in kidney cortex and daily intake had been proved to be highest among the surveyed countries, it may be much more important to declare the range of natural abundance and background of cadmium in running river water, soil and agricultural products in order to establish some effective measure to prevent accumulation of cadmium in environment and human body.Technical check had been done about proper method of digestion of soil and agricultural product, and pretreatment of the digested solution for detection of ppt level of elements with ICP MS.Ultra-pure reagents as HNO_3 and HCl were of course effective to reduce the contaminants during the procedure but not essential for detection of cadmium. Pretreatment with Chelate Filter was very much useful to remove alkali and alkali earth elements which are major matrix elements disturbing detection of ppt level of heavy metal elements.Based on the technical check above written, cadmium levels in large number of samples as river waters, ground waters, hot spring waters, varieties of soils originated from different types of parent rocks, and rice grains produced on different types of soils all over Japan were detected.

从人类健康和环境污染的角度来看，镉和汞可能是最关键的元素。特别是对于肾皮质镉浓度和每日摄入量已被调查国家中最高的日本人来说，公布河水、土壤和农产品中镉的自然丰度范围和背景可能更为重要，以便制定一些有效措施防止环境和人体中镉的积累。已经对土壤和农产品的正确消化方法进行了技术检查，对消解液进行预处理，用 ICP MS 检测元素的 ppt 水平。超纯试剂 HNO_3 和 HCl 当然可以有效减少过程中的污染物，但对于检测镉来说不是必需的。使用螯合过滤器进行预处理对于去除碱金属和碱土金属元素非常有用，碱金属和碱土金属元素是干扰重金属元素 ppt 水平检测的主要基质元素。根据上述技术检查，检测到了日本各地河水、地下水、温泉水、源自不同类型母岩的各种土壤以及不同类型土壤产生的稻谷等大量样品中的镉含量。