A study of effects of mouth-guard under physical movement

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The aims of this research is to clarify the problems of a ready made mouth guards that has been generally used and the needful factors in design for custum-mouth guards on the playrs of contact sports. The subjects are 67 American foot-ball playrs in university, 21 rugby playrs and 4 boxing playrs in senir high school students. We set out the questionnaire in regard to the use of mouth guard, and examined the difference of occlusal pressure between under puting mouth guard and not put. Moreover, we performed the spectrum-analysis of the voice under putting mouth gurard or not put.The typical replies submitted to the questionnaire were "incompatibility", "speak with difficulty", "feel like vomiting", and "Breathe with difficulty". The occlusal pressure integral and the contact area at the maximam clenching decreased with statistical significant under use of the mouth guard in compared with not use of it. However, the occlusal pressure per the contact area increased at maximam cleching under use of mouth-guard, a part of the formant of the [i], [e] and [o] sound which is a front and back vowel in [a], [s] and [t] series became unclear in both the subject whom complained to speak with difficulty and without after putting mouth guard, . Moreover, a consonant of [s] and [t] series disappeared. These trends were remarkable on the subjects with inarticulate pronounciation.These findings suggested that the ready-made mouth guard become rather barrier to generalize than spread of the mouth guard. The need of improving on design in palatal and labial side of a custoum made mouth guard recognized to generalize the custum made mouth guard.