Research of the problems facing the elderly patients at discharge from the hospital concerning their health, their daily life at home, and their living vicissitude on time series

为了解老年患者出院时面临的健康、家庭生活、生活变迁等问题，对78名70岁及以上准备出院的老年患者进行了访谈。访谈结果表明：(1)23.1%的老年患者从出院后的身体状况出发需要持续护理，20.5%的患者需要家人或他人的帮助才能在家中独立生活。(2)大多数人担心自己的疾病或饮食治疗，并希望向医生或护士咨询有关他们的身体或心理社会健康和日常生活的问题。(3)69.5%的受试者问题较少，21.7%的受试者有4个以上的问题。(4)84.7%的被调查者有生命价值。对92例患者分别在出院后3个月、6个月、12个月进行问卷调查。(1)3个月后认为身体状况良好的占51.4%，6个月后占56.7%，12个月后占54.1%。(2)3个月后有日常生活问题者占38.6%，12个月后为37.7%。(3)3个月后有生命价值的占84.7%，6个月后占86.7%，12个月后占62.3%。(4)3例受试者在家中接受护理服务。出院时有问题的25名患者中，有4名患者在12个月后死亡。4例患者无反应。我们调查了154名护士对患者进行出院教育。71%的护士对70岁及以上患者进行出院教育。

The purpose of this study was to clarify the problems facing the elderly patients at discharge from the hospital concerning their health, their daily life at home, and their living vicissitude on time series.We interviewed 78 patients aged 70 years and above when they were ready to be discharged from the hospital.After having done these interviews, we conclude as follows,(1) 23.1% of the subjects need continuous nursing care from the viewpoint of their body condition after leaving the hospital, and 20.5% need help from their family or others to live by themselves at home. (2) Most of them worried about their disease or dietary cure, and had a wish to consult the problems concerning their physical or psychosocial health and their daily life with the doctors or the nurses. (3) 69.5% of the subjects had less problems, but 21.7% had more than 4 problems. (4) 84.7% of the subjects had a life's worth. The more they made an effort for a happy life, the more they had a life's worth.We surveyed 92 patients at 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months since they were discharged. Their living vicissitude on time series was clarifyed.(1) Patients who thought their physical condition was good was 51.4% of subjects after 3 months, 56.7% of them after 6 months, and 54.1% of them after 12 months. (2) Patients who had troubles with their daily life was 38.6% of the subjects after 3 months and 37.7% of them after 12 months. (3) Patients who had a life's worth was 84.7% of subjects after 3 months, 86.7% of them after 6 month, and 62.3% of them after 12 months. (4) 3 patients in subjects had nursiung service at home. 4 patients out of 25 subjects, who had problems when they were discharged, died after 12 months. 4 patients did not respond.We investigated 154 nurses that educated the patient for discharge. 71% of nurses gave patients aged 70 years and above education for discharge.