A Study on Value Consciousnesses of the Aged People : Their Outdoor/Nature Oriented Leisure Style

本研究旨在厘清老年人户外/自然休闲方式的价值意识。分析程序和结果如下：分析程序（包括初步调查）；(1)对“户外活动流”概念的分析；(2)对世界、加拿大和日本户外活动的文化比较调查；(3)对户外活动流体验自由描述的思考；(4)对ESM（体验抽样法）项目的修改；(5)对茨城县桥町老年人户外/自然休闲方式的社会学调查。结果与讨论；老年人的价值意识以“生命/健康”和“家庭”为主。然而，与年轻人相比，他们没有任何积极的生活方式。积极生活方式的动机受到精神（价值意识）、制度（教育、时间、朋友、导师）和物质/身体（身体健康、设施）因素的几个基本条件的干扰。与老年人“缺乏积极生活方式”，特别是缺乏体育锻炼不同，他们更喜欢在闲暇时间安静地从事“园艺”或去“温泉”/去“水上设施”。未来老年人休闲风格研究的视角应该包括更现实/非西方化的参考火焰和对日本传统-被动休闲/游戏意义的研究。

The purpose of this study was to clarify the vlue consciousnesses of the outdoor/nature oriented leisure styles of the aged people.Analytical procedures and results are as follows :Analyticai procedures (including preliminary investigations) ;(1) An analysis of the concepts of the "flow of outdoor activities",(2) A cultural comparative investigations of outdoor activities--World, Canada & Japan--,(3) The considerations of the free descriptions on outdoor flow experiences,(4) The modifications of ESM (Experience Sampling Method) items,(5) Sociological surveys of the outdoor/nature oriented leisure styles of the aged in Hasaki-machi, Ibaraki prefecture.Results and Discussions ;The value consciousnesses of the aged were "life/health" and "family". However they did not have any active life styles, comparing with the young.Motivations for active life style were disturbed by several fundamental conditions of mental (value consciousnes), institutional (education, time, friends, instructors) and material/physical (physical fitness, facilities) factors.Instead of the "poorness of active life styles" of the aged, especially the lack of physical exercise, they preferred spending their leisure time peacefully engaging themselves in "gardening"or traveling to "Onsen"/going to "Aqua facilities".Perspectives of future research of the leisure styles of the aged should involve the more realistic/non-westernalized flame of referencess and the investigations of the meanings of Japanese traditional-passive leisure/play.